Enforced secularization - Spontaneous revival?: Religious belief, unbelief, uncertainty and indifference in East and West European countries 1991-1998
Enforced secularization - Spontaneous revival?: Religious belief, unbelief, uncertainty and indifference in East and West European countries 1991-1998
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强制世俗化——自发复兴？：1991-1998年东欧和西欧国家的宗教信仰、不信仰、不确定性和冷漠
DOI：
10.1093/esr/20.1.47
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
H. Meulemann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Meulemann
关于人的起源和归宿的宗教问题可以用信仰、不相信、不确定和冷漠来回答。世俗化的程度应该会增加对剩余三种选择的信念，对不确定性和冷漠的不信任，以及对冷漠的不确定。本文提出的问题是，即使世俗化程度得到控制，东欧国家的世俗化强制形式是否也具有同样的效果，以及在共产主义消亡后，这些发展是否会逆转。此外，它还审查了如果个人的教育、年龄和宗教活动受到控制，国家的发展及其逆转是否仍然显著。因变量是对上帝和圣经的信仰，如1991年和1998年ISSP调查所示。1991年，世俗化的程度和形式不出所料地影响了宗教问题的答案。直到1998年，世俗化的程度和形式的影响仍然存在。此外，如果个人的教育和年龄受到控制，世俗化的程度和形式的影响不会缩小，如果另外的宗教活动受到控制，世俗化的程度和形式的影响确实会缩小，但仍然很显著。
The religious question of men's origin and destination can be answered by belief, unbelief, uncertainty and indifference. The degree of secularization should increase belief against the three remaining options, unbelief against uncertainty and indifference, and uncertainty against indifference. The paper asks if the enforced form of secularization of East European countries has the same effects even if the degree of secularization is controlled, and if these developments are reversed after the demise of communism. Furthermore, it examines if the developments of countries and their reversal remain significant if the education, the age and the religious practice of individuals are controlled. Dependent variables are the belief in God and the Bible as surveyed in the ISSP 1991 and 1998. In 1991, the degree and the form of secularization affect the answers to the religious question as expected. Up to 1998, the effects of the degree and the form of secularization persist. Furthermore, the effects of the degree and the form of secularization do not shrink if education and age of individuals are controlled, and do shrink but remain significant if additionally religious practice is controlled