Effect of Viewing Plane on Perceived Distances in Real and Virtual Environments
Effect of Viewing Plane on Perceived Distances in Real and Virtual Environments
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DOI：
10.1037/a0027524
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Thompson, William B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Geuss, Michael N.;Stefanucci, Jeanine K.;Thompson, William B.
三个实验检测了头戴式显示器虚拟环境（HMD-VE）和匹配的现实世界环境中感知的绝对距离，作为所观察距离类型和方向的函数。在实验1中，参与者在没有视觉的情况下转身和行走，距离与自我中心（观察者到目标）和外中心（目标到目标）的观看间隔相匹配。在HMD-VE中，自我中心距离被低估了，而在不同环境中，外心距离的估计相似。由于自心距离显示在深度面，而外心距离显示在正面面，因此结果的模式可能与距离的方向或距离的类型有关。实验2和3测试了这些选择。参与者通过转身和行走（实验2）或转身和投掷豆袋来估计沿深度或额平面呈现的外心距离（实验3）。在实验2和3中，与真实世界相比，HMD-VE中的深度间隔被低估了。然而，额叶间隔在不同环境下的估计是相似的。研究结果表明，HMD-VE距离感知的各向异性使得HMD-VE的距离低估普遍化到深度平面的间隔，而不是额平面的间隔。
Three experiments examined perceived absolute distance in a head-mounted display virtual environment (HMD-VE) and a matched real-world environment, as a function of the type and orientation of the distance viewed. In Experiment 1, participants turned and walked, without vision, a distance to match the viewed interval for both egocentric (viewer-to-target) and exocentric (target-to-target) extents. Egocentric distances were underestimated in the HMD-VE while exocentric distances were estimated similarly across environments. Since egocentric distances were displayed in the depth plane and exocentric distances in the frontal plane, the pattern of results could have been related to the orientation of the distance or to the type of distance. Experiments 2 and 3 tested these alternatives. Participants estimated exocentric distances presented along the depth or frontal plane either by turning and walking (Experiment 2) or by turning and throwing a beanbag to indicate the perceived extent (Experiment 3). For both Experiments 2 and 3, depth intervals were underestimated in the HMD-VE compared to the real world. However, frontal intervals were estimated similarly across environments. The findings suggest anisotropy in HMD-VE distance perception such that distance underestimation in the HMD-VE generalizes to intervals in the depth plane, but not to intervals in the frontal plane.