Ecotoxicological assessment of nanoparticle-containing acrylic copolymer dispersions in fairy shrimp and zebrafish embryos
Ecotoxicological assessment of nanoparticle-containing acrylic copolymer dispersions in fairy shrimp and zebrafish embryos
复制标题
仙女虾和斑马鱼胚胎中含纳米颗粒的丙烯酸共聚物分散体的生态毒理学评估
作者：
Galloway T
含有纳米颗粒的聚合物分散体被广泛使用，但对其环境影响知之甚少。我们研究了生物利用度，吸收，组织定位和影响的纳米粒子含有丙烯酸共聚物（ACP）的分散体（平均纳米粒子尺寸：80 nm和110 nm）在水生无脊椎动物（Thamnocephalus platyurus;仙女虾）和斑马鱼胚胎水生暴露后。使用Casper斑马鱼进行饮食暴露测试，Casper斑马鱼缺乏皮肤色素沉着，允许摄取和内部分布的生物成像。1000和2500 mg L − 1 80 nm-ACP或110 nm-ACP的水暴露在仙女虾或斑马鱼中没有显示急性毒性，根据联合国全球化学品统一分类和标签制度阈值（100 mg L − 1）构成无毒分类。同样，饮食接触也不会产生生态毒理学效应。在用80 nm-ACP加标食物喂养的卡斯珀斑马鱼中，使用相干拉曼散射（CRS）获得的高光谱信号表明，试验材料存在于肠中，可能存在于肝脏中，但不存在于其他器官中。CRS成像表明，80 nm-ACP暴露斑马鱼（水生暴露）卵黄囊的化学组成发生了改变，这归因于脂质代谢的变化，尽管我们无法确定供试品是否存在于卵黄囊中。这些结果说明了CRS显微镜如何用于研究有机纳米材料的生物累积性，前提是它们诱导的高光谱剖面与生物样品不同。总之，80 nm和110 nm-ACP分散体通过饮食暴露内化，但与显著的毒性作用无关。
Nanoparticle-containing polymer dispersions are widely used, but little is known of their environmental effects. We studied the bioavailability, uptake, tissue localisation and effects of nanoparticle-containing acrylic copolymer (ACP) dispersions (mean nanoparticle sizes: 80 nm and 110 nm) in aquatic invertebrates (Thamnocephalus platyurus; fairy shrimp) and Danio rerio zebrafish embryos after aquatic exposures. Dietary exposure tests were enabled using Casper zebrafish that lack skin pigmentation allowing for bio-imaging of uptake and internal distribution. Aqueous exposures of 1000 and 2500 mg L−1 80 nm-ACP or 110 nm-ACP showed no acute toxicity in fairy shrimp or zebrafish, constituting a non-toxic classification according to the United Nations Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals threshold (100 mg L−1). Similarly, dietary exposures resulted in no ecotoxicological effects. In Casper zebrafish fed with 80 nm-ACP-spiked food, hyperspectral signals derived using coherent Raman scattering (CRS) indicated that test material was present in the intestine, and possibly in the liver, but not in other organs. CRS imaging indicated that the chemical composition of the yolk sac of an 80 nm-ACP exposed zebrafish (aquatic exposure) was altered, attributed to a change in lipid metabolism, although we could not confirm with certainty that the test material was physically present in the yolk sac. These results illustrate how CRS microscopy can be used to investigate the bioaccumulation of organic nanomaterials, provided that they induce hyperspectral profiles distinct from the biological samples. In conclusion, both 80 nm- and 110 nm-ACP dispersions are internalised through dietary exposure, but are not associated with significant toxic effects.