Japan’s Peace Diplomacy on the Vietnam War and the 1968-1969 shift in the United States’ Asia policy
Japan’s Peace Diplomacy on the Vietnam War and the 1968-1969 shift in the United States’ Asia policy
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日本在越南战争中的和平外交与1968-1969年美国亚洲政策的转变
DOI：
10.1080/10371397.2023.2199355
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
Andrea Pressello
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
松下 冽;田巻 松雄;所 康弘;松本 八重子;Parepa Laura-Anca;PAREPA LAURA・ANCA;Andrea Pressello
本文探讨了1960年代初亚洲国际环境的变化对日本在越南战争和东南亚问题上的外交所产生的影响。1968年至1969年，美国宣布对越南问题和亚洲的政策发生重大变化，特别是减少对该地区的军事介入。中国和苏联利用美国的政策转变，寻求扩大在东南亚的影响力。根据解密的外交文件，本文指出，日本首相佐藤荣作的政府在平衡国内压力和维护与华盛顿关系的需要的同时，调整了外交政策，以应对地区环境的变化。在继续努力实现越南和平的同时，日本开始致力于建立一个基于共产主义和非共产主义国家和平共处的后越南东南亚秩序。这是日本应对北京和莫斯科地区影响力预期增长的战略。日本逐渐采取行动与北越接触，北越是实现地区和平共处和战争解决的关键角色--这反过来又有助于实现冲绳回归日本。这一方针将在1977年的福田主义中正式确定下来。
This article investigates the impact of the changing international environment in Asia at the turn of the 1960s on Japanese diplomacy regarding the Vietnam war and Southeast Asia. In 1968–1969, the United States announced important changes in its policy on the Vietnam problem and Asia, particularly the reduction of its military involvement in the region. Taking advantage of a US policy shift, China and the Soviet Union sought to expand their influence in Southeast Asia. Drawing on declassified diplomatic documents, this article shows that the government of Japanese Prime Minister Satō Eisaku, balancing domestic pressures and the need to preserve relations with Washington, adjusted its diplomacy in response to changes in the regional environment. While continuing efforts towards peace in Vietnam, Japan began work to shape a post-Vietnam Southeast Asian order based on peaceful coexistence between communist and non-communist countries. This was Japan’s strategy for countering the expected increase in Beijing and Moscow’s regional influence. Japan gradually acted to engage North Vietnam, a key actor to realize regional peaceful coexistence and a war settlement – which would in turn facilitate the realization of the reversion of Okinawa to Japan. This approach would be formalized in the 1977 Fukuda Doctrine.