Future HAB science: Directions and challenges in a changing climate
Future HAB science: Directions and challenges in a changing climate
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.hal.2019.101632
复制
发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Trainer, Vera L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wells, Mark L.;Karlson, Bengt;Trainer, Vera L.
人们越来越关注的是，由于人类引起的地球变暖而加速的环境变化可能会大大改变有害藻华（HABs）的模式，分布和强度。温度、海洋酸化、降水、营养物压力或可用性以及水柱的物理结构的变化都会影响浮游植物组合的生产力、组成和全球范围，但关于这些气候驱动因素的整合如何影响未来的有害生物，仍然存在很大的不确定性。这里介绍的是关于有害生物和气候变化的专题讨论会的集体审议情况，讨论会审议了在了解有害生物和气候之间的潜在联系方面的研究挑战，沿着的是更好地界定这些联系的新的研究方向。除了物理（温度、盐度、分层、光照、风暴强度变化）、化学（营养物质、海洋酸化）和生物（食草动物）驱动因素对微藻（广义）的可能影响外，研讨会与会者还更广泛地探讨了蓝藻有害藻华、底栖有害藻华、有害藻华对渔业的影响、有害藻华建模挑战以及分子方法可为有害藻华研究带来的贡献等主题。与会者一致认为，除了传统的研究外，有害藻华科学家必须制定新的研究和实践路线，以提供预测未来有害藻华趋势所需的概念和数量方面的进展。这些不同的做法包括实验室和实地研究，长期观察计划，回顾，以及社会经济驱动因素和与水产养殖和渔业的联系的研究。由于预期有害藻华问题会日益严重，因此应优先研究可能的缓解战略。建议各实验室的有害藻华研究，应集中研究有害藻华种类和问题的一小部分，以便我们能更快地了解这些问题。气候驱动的沿海海洋和生态系统的变化越来越大，在某些情况下，局部的人类活动加剧了这种变化。再加上全球碳排放量减少的步伐缓慢，这表明HAB科学家迫切需要加快跨学科的努力，为社会提供有关未来HAB趋势的必要见解。
There is increasing concern that accelerating environmental change attributed to human-induced warming of the planet may substantially alter the patterns, distribution and intensity of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs). Changes in temperature, ocean acidification, precipitation, nutrient stress or availability, and the physical structure of the water column all influence the productivity, composition, and global range of phytoplankton assemblages, but large uncertainty remains about how integration of these climate drivers might shape future HABs. Presented here are the collective deliberations from a symposium on HABs and climate change where the research challenges to understanding potential linkages between HABs and climate were considered, along with new research directions to better define these linkages. In addition to the likely effects of physical (temperature, salinity, stratification, light, changing storm intensity), chemical (nutrients, ocean acidification), and biological (grazer) drivers on microalgae (senso lato), symposium participants explored more broadly the subjects of cyanobacterial HABs, benthic HABs, HAB effects on fisheries, HAB modelling challenges, and the contributions that molecular approaches can bring to HAB studies. There was consensus that alongside traditional research, HAB scientists must set new courses of research and practices to deliver the conceptual and quantitative advances required to forecast future HAB trends. These different practices encompass laboratory and field studies, long-term observational programs, retrospectives, as well as the study of socioeconomic drivers and linkages with aqua culture and fisheries. In anticipation of growing HAB problems, research on potential mitigation strategies should be a priority. It is recommended that a substantial portion of HAB research among laboratories be directed collectively at a small sub-set of HAB species and questions in order to fast-track advances in our understanding. Climate-driven changes in coastal oceanographic and ecological systems are becoming substantial, in some cases exacerbated by localized human activities. That, combined with the slow pace of decreasing global carbon emissions, signals the urgency for HAB scientists to accelerate efforts across disciplines to provide society with the necessary insights regarding future HAB trends.