Effects in man and rabbits of inhalation of cotton dust or extracts and purified endotoxins1
Effects in man and rabbits of inhalation of cotton dust or extracts and purified endotoxins1
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吸入棉尘或提取物以及纯化内毒素对人和兔子的影响1
DOI：
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发表时间：
1969
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Vigliani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Cavagna;V. Foà;E. Vigliani
Cavagna，G.，福阿五世和Vigliani，E. C.（1969）。Brit. J. industry. Med.，26，314-321.吸入棉尘或提取物和纯化内毒素对人和家兔的影响。某梳棉车间空气中细菌内毒素浓度为7.2 μg/L，对该车间工人进行了棉屑病的调查。m.3，细菌内毒素浓度为8.7 μg./m3时，细菌检出率为32%; m.3;在仅接触痕量内毒素的工人中未观察到病例。雾化吸入纯化大肠杆菌内毒素对F.E.V.1·0和F.V.C.在正常人和慢性支气管炎患者中进行了研究。正常人吸入80 μg后，有2/8的F.E.V.1·0明显下降，持续时间超过6小时，慢性支气管炎患者吸入80 μg后，有1/3的F.E.V.1·0明显下降，持续时间超过6小时。吸入40 μg内毒素的慢性支气管炎受试者中有1/4的受试者出现内毒素。内毒素这些结果表明，吸入细菌内毒素可使某些个体的F.E.V.1.0发生变化，类似于某些卡片室工作人员在星期一所经历的变化。本研究用纯化的大肠杆菌气雾剂对家兔进行了20周的吸入性细菌内毒素致病机理的研究。大肠杆菌内毒素（20 μg/天）和棉花提取物（2 mg./天）。这种治疗产生了支气管炎的模式：即，呼吸道液体增加，蛋白质含量增加和特征性组织病理学变化。支气管炎发生在出现交叉反应的抗E.大肠杆菌内毒素和棉花提取物。在治疗的前三周后，用血凝试验检测到这些抗体，并在随后的几周内逐渐达到更高的滴度，最高可达1：512。0.1 mg的挑战性气雾剂。E.大肠杆菌内毒素2只，10 mg.在另外两只如上处理的兔子中，棉花提取物产生了持续超过两小时的肺阻力的显著增加。在对照兔中，1 mg.内毒素或100 mg.棉花提取物仅引起肺阻力的适度增加，其在不到一小时内恢复正常。可以得出结论，反复吸入内毒素可诱导家兔出现超敏反应状态，同时在支气管中出现炎症反应，并改变肺的机械特性。这些变化可能在棉纤维沉着症的发病机制中具有重要意义。
Cavagna, G., Foá V., and Vigliani, E. C. (1969).Brit. J. industr. Med.,26, 314-321. Effects in man and rabbits of inhalation of cotton dust or extracts and purified endotoxins. The incidence of byssinosis in workers in a cotton card-room, where the airborne concentration of bacterial endotoxins was 7·2 μg./m.3, was 32%; and 47% in a hemp card-room where the endotoxin concentration was 8·7 μg./m.3; no cases were observed among workers exposed to only traces of endotoxins. The effect of the inhalation by aerosol of purified Escherichia coli endotoxin on F.E.V.1·0 and F.V.C. was studied in normal subjects and in patients with chronic bronchitis. A significant reduction in F.E.V.1·0 lasting more than 6 hours was observed in two out of eight normal subjects, in one out of three subjects with chronic bronchitis inhaling 80 μg. endotoxin, and in one out of four subjects with chronic bronchitis inhaling 40 μg. endotoxin. These results show that the inhalation of bacterial endotoxin can produce, in some individuals, changes in F.E.V.1·0 similar to those experienced on Mondays by some card-room workers. A study of the mechanism of pathogenesis of inhaled bacterial endotoxins was carried out on rabbits subjected for 20 weeks to aerosols of purified E. coli endotoxin (20 μg./day) and cotton extract (2 mg./day). This treatment produced patterns of bronchitis: i.e., a increase in the respiratory tract fluid with increased protein content and characteristic histopathological changes. The bronchitis occurred after the appearance of cross-reacting circulating antibodies against E. coli endotoxin and cotton extract. These antibodies were detected with the haemagglutination tests after the first three weeks of treatment, and in subsequent weeks reached progressively higher titres, up to a maximum of 1:512. A challenging aerosol of 0·1 mg. E. coli endotoxin in two rabbits and 10 mg. cotton extract in another two of the rabbits treated as above produced a marked increase in pulmonary resistance lasting more than two hours. In control rabbits a challenging aerosol of 1 mg. endotoxin or 100 mg. cotton extract caused only a moderate increase in pulmonary resistance, which returned to normal in less than one hour. It may be concluded that the repeated inhalation of endotoxins induces in rabbits a state of hypersensitivity and at the same time the appearance of inflammatory reactions in the bronchi and alterations in the mechanical properties of the lung. These changes may be significant in the pathogenesis of byssinosis.