Never Enough Sleep: A Brief History of Sleep Recommendations for Children
Never Enough Sleep: A Brief History of Sleep Recommendations for Children
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2011-2039
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Williams, Marie T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matricciani, Lisa Anne;Olds, Tim S.;Williams, Marie T.
背景和目的：人们普遍认为儿童睡眠不足，儿童的总睡眠时间一直在减少。世纪以来，许多作者提出了睡眠建议。本研究的目的是描述的历史趋势，建议和实际的睡眠时间为儿童和青少年，并探讨睡眠recommendations.METHODS的理由：进行了系统的文献综述，以确定儿童的睡眠要求和数据报告儿童的实际总睡眠时间的建议。对于每个确定的建议，儿童的实际睡眠时间是通过确定报告相同年龄，性别和国家的儿童在相同年份的睡眠时间的研究来确定的。计算了年龄调整后的推荐睡眠时间的历史趋势和儿童实际睡眠时间的趋势。进行了主题分析，以确定的理由和证据基础的recommends.RESULTS：32套建议，位于1897年至2009年。平均而言，特定年龄的推荐睡眠以每年-0.71分钟的速度下降。这一下降速度与儿童实际睡眠时间的下降几乎相同（每年-0.73分钟）。建议的睡眠时间始终类似于37分钟，比实际睡眠时间长，虽然两者都随着时间的推移而下降。结论：睡眠建议缺乏经验证据是公认的。睡眠不足被视为“现代生活”的后果，与当时的技术有关。不管孩子们睡了多少觉，人们总是认为他们需要更多的睡眠。儿科2012; 129：548-556
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There is a common belief that children are not getting enough sleep and that children's total sleep time has been declining. Over the century, many authors have proposed sleep recommendations. The aim of this study was to describe historical trends in recommended and actual sleep durations for children and adolescents, and to explore the rationale of sleep recommendations.METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify recommendations for children's sleep requirements and data reporting children's actual total sleep time. For each recommendation identified, children's actual sleep time was determined by identifying studies reporting the sleep duration of children of the same age, gender, and country in the same years. Historical trends in age-adjusted recommended sleep times and trends in children's actual sleep time were calculated. A thematic analysis was conducted to determine the rationale and evidence-base for recommendations.RESULTS: Thirty-two sets of recommendations were located dating from 1897 to 2009. On average, age-specific recommended sleep decreased at the rate of -0.71 minute per year. This rate of decline was almost identical to the decline in the actual sleep duration of children (-0.73 minute per year). Recommended sleep was consistently similar to 37 minutes greater than actual sleep, although both declined over time.CONCLUSIONS: A lack of empirical evidence for sleep recommendations was universally acknowledged. Inadequate sleep was seen as a consequence of " modern life," associated with technologies of the time. No matter how much sleep children are getting, it has always been assumed that they need more. Pediatrics 2012; 129:548-556