AN ANATOMICAL STUDY OF CHOLINERGIC INNERVATION IN RAT CEREBRAL-CORTEX
AN ANATOMICAL STUDY OF CHOLINERGIC INNERVATION IN RAT CEREBRAL-CORTEX
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DOI：
10.1016/0306-4522(88)90251-5
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发表时间：
1988-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
QUINN, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ECKENSTEIN, FP;BAUGHMAN, RW;QUINN, J
用胆碱乙酰转移酶免疫组织化学定位法研究了大鼠大脑皮层胆碱能神经支配。双极细胞、纤维和终末在皮质各区域均有染色。胆碱能神经末梢的密度是相似的，除了内嗅和嗅皮质，这表明染色的终端的数量显着增加，在所有的皮质区。胆碱能神经末梢呈层状分布于许多皮质区。在运动区和大多数感觉区，终末密度在第1层和上层5中较高，在第4层中最低。与其他皮质区相比，视觉皮质的特点是在第4层有密集的神经支配带。已经知道，大多数皮质胆碱能结构源自基底前脑中大的多极神经元向皮质的投射，其对胆碱乙酰转移酶染色严重。在这项研究中，染色纤维观察到采取三种不同的途径从基底前脑皮质。第一，局限于前脑和皮质的内侧方面，被观察到起源于隔区，从那里纤维形成一个离散的束，周围的胼胝体吻端向前摆动，然后在扣带束尾侧旅行。第二种是从苍白球区域横向散开的纤维，穿过尾状核，然后在胼胝体中持续不同的距离，最后进入皮质。第三条途径似乎支配嗅觉和内嗅皮层。在苍白球区注射鹅膏蕈氨酸，观察损毁外侧通路对皮质胆碱能神经支配的影响。胆碱乙酰转移酶阳性终末在新皮层大量丢失，但压后、扣带回、内嗅和嗅皮层胆碱能神经支配密度正常。将胆碱能输入损伤区域与非损伤区域分开的边界是精确的。染色的终端仍然在皮质区与病变的基底前脑神经支配的分布表明，基底前脑投射到大脑皮层，而不是内在的皮质胆碱能神经元，引起的层状分布的胆碱能神经末梢观察到在正常皮质。为了比较不同胆碱能皮层系统的相对密度，胆碱乙酰转移酶染色的分布进行了比较，血管活性肠多肽和P物质，这是共同定位于一些胆碱乙酰转移酶阳性神经元支配皮层。
The cholinergic innervation of rat cerebral cortex was studied by immunohistochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase. Stained bipolar cells, fibers and terminals were found in all areas of cortex. The density of cholinergic terminals was similar in all cortical areas with the exception of entorhinal and olfactory cortex, which showed a marked increase in the number of stained terminals. A laminar distribution of cholinergic terminals was found in many cortical areas. In motor and most sensory areas, terminal density was high in layer 1 and upper layer 5, and lowest in layer 4. Visual cortex, in contrast to other cortical areas, was characterized by a dense band of innervation in layer 4. It has been known that the majority of cortical cholinergic structures derive from a projection to cortex from large, multipolar neurons in the basal forebrain, which stain heavily for choline acetyltransferase. In this study, stained fibers were observed to take three different pathways from basal forebrain to cortex. The first, confined to medial aspects of forebrain and cortex, was observed to originate in the septal area, from where fibers formed a discrete bundle, swinging forward around the rostral end of the corpus callosum, then traveling caudally in the cingulate bundle. The second was found to consist of fibers fanning out laterally from the area of the globus pallidus, travelling through the caudate, then continuing for various distances in the corpus callosum before finally turning into the cortex. A third pathway appeared to innervate olfactory and entorhinal cortex. Ibotenic acid injections were made in the area of the globus pallidus to study the effect of lesioning the lateral pathway on the cholinergic innervation in cortex. A major loss of choline acetyltransferase positive terminals was observed in neocortex, but retrosplenial, cingulate, entorhinal and olfactory cortex showed a normal density of cholinergic innervation. The borders separating areas with lesioned cholinergic input from non-lesioned areas were precise. The distribution of stained terminals remaining in cortical areas with lesioned basal forebrain innervation suggests that the basal forebrain projection to cerebral cortex, and not the intrinsic cortical cholinergic neurons, give rise to the laminar distribution of cholinergic terminals observed in normal cortex. To compare the relative densities of different cholinergic cortical systems, the distribution of choline acetyltransferase staining was compared with that of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and substance P, which are co-localized in some choline acetyltransferase-positive neurons innervating cortex.