Insights into Parkinson's disease from computational models of the basal ganglia.

Insights into Parkinson's disease from computational models of the basal ganglia.
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DOI:
10.1136/jnnp-2017-315922
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发表时间:
2018-11
期刊:
Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dreyer JK
Dreyer JK
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Humphries MD;Obeso JA;Dreyer JK

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Movement disorders arise from the complex interplay of multiple changes to neural circuits. Successful treatments for these disorders could interact with these complex changes in myriad ways, and as a consequence their mechanisms of action and their amelioration of symptoms are incompletely understood. Using Parkinson’s disease as a case-study, we review here how computational models are a crucial tool for taming this complexity, across causative mechanisms, consequent neural dynamics, and treatments. For mechanisms, we review models that capture the effects of losing dopamine on basal ganglia function; for dynamics, we discuss models that have transformed our understanding of how beta- band (15-30 Hz) oscillations arise in the parkinsonian basal ganglia. For treatments, we touch on the breadth of computational modelling work trying to understand the therapeutic actions of deep brain stimulation. Collectively, models from across all levels of description are providing a compelling account of the causes, symptoms, and treatments for Parkinson’s disease.
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