Preferential Ethanol Consumption in Drosophila Models Features of Addiction
Preferential Ethanol Consumption in Drosophila Models Features of Addiction
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2009.10.070
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发表时间：
2009-12-29
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Heberlein, Ulrike
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Devineni, Anita V.;Heberlein, Ulrike
酒精成瘾是一种具有强烈遗传成分的常见疾病[1]。虽然哺乳动物研究已经为乙醇消耗的分子机制提供了重要的见解[2]，但其他生物如黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）更适合采用无偏见的向前遗传方法来识别新基因。对乙醇的行为反应，如多动、镇静和耐受性，在哺乳动物和哺乳动物之间是保守的[3，4]，基础分子途径也是如此[5-9]。然而，很少有研究调查了苍蝇的乙醇自我给药[10]。在这里，我们描述了果蝇的乙醇消费和偏好。文件更喜欢消费含乙醇的食物超过普通食物，这种偏好随着时间的推移而增加。文件被吸引到乙醇的气味，这部分介导乙醇的偏好，但厌恶它的味道。消费乙醇的偏好并不完全是因为其感官或热量特性的吸引力。我们证明，苍蝇可以表现出酒精成瘾的特点。首先，苍蝇自我管理乙醇到适当的浓度。第二，苍蝇会克服一个令人厌恶的刺激，以消耗乙醇。第三，苍蝇在强制禁欲一段时间后，很快恢复到高水平的乙醇消费。因此，果蝇的乙醇偏好为研究成瘾提供了一个新的模型。
Alcohol addiction is a common affliction with a strong genetic component [1]. Although mammalian studies have provided significant insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying ethanol consumption [2], other organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster are better suited for unbiased, forward genetic approaches to identify novel genes. Behavioral responses to ethanol, such as hyperactivity, sedation, and tolerance, are conserved between files and mammals [3, 4], as are the underlying molecular pathways [5-9]. However, few studies have investigated ethanol self-administration in flies [10]. Here we characterize ethanol consumption and preference in Drosophila. Files prefer to consume ethanol-containing food over regular food, and this preference increases over time. Files are attracted to the smell of ethanol, which partially mediates ethanol preference, but are averse to its taste. Preference for consuming ethanol is not entirely explained by attraction to either its sensory or caloric properties. We demonstrate that flies can exhibit features of alcohol addiction. First,flies self-administer ethanol to pharmacologically relevant concentrations. Second, flies will overcome an aversive stimulus in order to consume ethanol. Third, flies rapidly return to high levels of ethanol consumption after a period of imposed abstinence. Thus, ethanol preference in Drosophila provides a new model for studying aspects of addiction.