Hybrid silica-nanocrystal-organic dye superstructures as post-encoding fluorescent probes
Hybrid silica-nanocrystal-organic dye superstructures as post-encoding fluorescent probes
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DOI：
10.1002/anie.200700847
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Zhao, Yibing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu, Chuanliu;Zheng, Jinsheng;Zhao, Yibing
对无需复杂仪器和处理的多重生物测定的需求推动了编码荧光纳米探针的发展。 [1]有机染料和发光半导体纳米晶体（或量子点，QD）是代表性的荧光编码元件，它们已被纳入各种纳米或微米尺寸的球形载体（例如二氧化硅和聚合物乳胶球）中，用于高容量光谱编码。 [1, 2] 有机染料掺杂的纳米颗粒可提供强烈的荧光信号以及高度改善的光稳定性，这使得它们特别适合超灵敏的生物测定。然而，具有相同激发波长和可区分发射光谱的可用有机染料的数量有限，这限制了可以生成的光谱不同代码的数量。 [3]量子点明亮、光稳定性高，具有连续激发光谱以及窄、对称、尺寸可调的荧光发射。这些独特的光学特性使它们成为波长和强度编码的理想发光体。[1a]已采用各种方法来制备编码荧光探针。据我们所知，通常采用三种主要方法来整合荧光编码元件，例如有机染料和量子点。第一种方法是通过静电和疏水相互作用、共价键、氢键和物理封装将编码元件封装在纳米或微米球体内。[1a,3,4]第二种方法是将编码元件直接组装在球形载体的外表面上。[5]在第三种方法中，编码元件位于围绕实心核心的同心壳中，或通过逐层技术与非荧光间隔壳交替。 [6]尽管这些方法已成功用于制备编码荧光纳米或微米球，但当多重分析所需的代码数量很大时，制备过程相当费力且耗时。由于这些方法生成的代码是
The demand for multiplex bioassays without complex instrumentation and processing has driven the development of encoding fluorescent nanoprobes.[1] Organic dyes and luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals (or quantum dots, QDs) are representative fluorescent encoding elements, which have been incorporated into various nano-or microsized spherical supports, such as silica and polymer latex spheres, for highcapacity spectral encoding.[1, 2] Organic-dye-doped nanoparticles give an intense fluorescence signal together with highly improved photostability, which makes them especially suitable for ultrasensitive bioassays. However, the number of available organic dyes with the same excitation wavelength and distinguishable emission spectra is limited, which restricts the number of spectrally distinct codes that can be generated.[3] QDs are bright, highly photostable, and have continuous excitation spectra along with narrow, symmetric, sizetunable fluorescence emission. These unique optical properties make them ideal luminophores for wavelength and intensity encoding.[1a]Various approaches have been employed in the preparation of encoding fluorescent probes. To the best of our knowledge, three major approaches are typically adopted to incorporate fluorescent encoding elements, such as organic dyes and QDs. In the first, the encoding elements are encapsulated inside nano-or microsized spheres through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, covalent linkage, hydrogen bonding, and physical encapsulation.[1a, 3, 4] The second route is to directly assemble the encoding elements on the external surface of spherical supports.[5] In the third approach, the encoding elements are located in concentric shells surrounding a solid core or alternating with nonfluorescent spacer shells through layer-by-layer techniques.[6] Although these approaches have been successfully used to prepare encoding fluorescent nano-or microsized spheres, the process of preparation is rather laborious and time-consuming when the number of codes required for multiplex analysis is large. As the codes manufactured by these methods are