Serotonin and central nervous system fatigue: nutritional considerations
Serotonin and central nervous system fatigue: nutritional considerations
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/72.2.573s
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发表时间：
2000-08-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Welsh, RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, JM;Alderson, NL;Welsh, RS
随意肌肉疲劳是一种涉及中枢神经系统(CNS)和肌肉的复杂现象。对肌肉内导致疲劳的机制的了解导致了提高运动能力的营养策略的发展。直到最近，人们对中枢神经系统疲劳的机制知之甚少，尽管大多数人在日常活动中最可能的解释是无法或不愿意产生和维持肌肉的中枢激活。随着为中枢疲劳的生物学机制提供线索的理论的发展，营养在中枢疲劳中的可能作用正受到更多的关注。重点是神经递质5-羟色胺[5-羟色胺(5-HT)]，因为它在抑郁、感官知觉、嗜睡和情绪中发挥作用。营养策略已被设计成通过影响5-羟色胺的氨基酸前体的可用性来改变大脑中5-羟色胺的代谢。在耐力运动中，大脑5-羟色胺浓度和整体活动量的增加与身体甚至精神疲劳的增加有关。碳水化合物(CHO)或支链氨基酸(BCAA)可以减缓5-羟色胺的增加，提高运动能力。然而，很难区分CHO对大脑和肌肉本身的影响，而且大多数涉及支链氨基酸的研究都没有表现出任何好处。研究表明，脑内5-羟色胺与中枢性疲劳之间存在重要关系。有很好的理论基础和数据支持CHO和BCAA对大脑5-羟色胺和中枢性疲劳的有益作用，但目前证据的力量很弱。
Fatigue from voluntary muscular effort is a complex phenomenon involving the central nervous system (CNS) and muscle. An understanding of the mechanisms within muscle that cause fatigue has led to the development of nutritional strategies to enhance performance. Until recently, little was known about CNS mechanisms of fatigue, even though the inability or unwillingness to generate and maintain central activation of muscle is the most likely explanation of fatigue for most people during normal daily activities. A possible role of nutrition in central fatigue is receiving more attention with the development of theories that provide a clue to its biological mechanisms. The focus is on the neurotransmitter serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] because of its role in depression, sensory perception, sleepiness, and mood. Nutritional strategies have been designed to alter the metabolism of brain 5-HT by affecting the availability of its amino acid precursor. Increases in brain 5-HT concentration and overall activity have been associated with increased physical and perhaps mental fatigue during endurance exercise. Carbohydrate (CHO) or branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) feedings may attenuate increases in 5-HT and improve performance. However, it is difficult to distinguish between the effects of CHO on the brain and those on the muscles themselves, and most studies involving BCAA show no performance benefits. It appears that important relations exist between brain 5-HT and central fatigue. Good theoretical rationale and data exist to support a beneficial role of CHO and BCAA on brain 5-HT and central fatigue, but the strength of evidence is presently weak.