Structures and mechanism of the plant PIN-FORMED auxin transporter.

Structures and mechanism of the plant PIN-FORMED auxin transporter.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41586-022-04883-y
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发表时间:
2022-09
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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生长素是一种具有中心作用的激素,几乎控制着植物生长发育的所有方面。PIN- formed (PIN)家族中的蛋白质(也称为生长素外排载体家族)是这一过程的关键参与者,并控制生长素从细胞质向细胞外空间的出口。由于缺乏结构和生化数据,pin介导的生长素运输的分子机制尚不清楚。在这里,我们对拟南芥PIN8的三种结构进行了生物物理分析:有和没有生长素的两种向外构象,以及与除草剂萘酞酸结合的一种向内构象。该结构形成同型二聚体,每个单体分为运输和支架结构域,具有明确定义的生长素结合位点。在结合位点旁边,脯氨酸-脯氨酸交叉是与转运相关的结构变化的枢轴点,我们发现这与质子和离子梯度无关,可能是由生长素的负电荷驱动的。其结构和生化数据揭示了一种升降机式的转运机制,类似于胆汁酸/钠同向转运体、碳酸氢盐/钠同向转运体和钠/质子反转运体。我们的研究结果为生长素识别和转运提供了一个全面的分子模型,链接并扩展了一个众所周知的转运概念框架,并解释了植物生理、生长和发育的核心特征——生长素极性转运的核心机制。对拟南芥生长素转运蛋白PIN8的结构和生物物理分析表明,PIN转运蛋白通过升降机机制输出生长素。
Auxins are hormones that have central roles and control nearly all aspects of growth and development in plants. The proteins in the PIN-FORMED (PIN) family (also known as the auxin efflux carrier family) are key participants in this process and control auxin export from the cytosol to the extracellular space. Owing to a lack of structural and biochemical data, the molecular mechanism of PIN-mediated auxin transport is not understood. Here we present biophysical analysis together with three structures of Arabidopsis thaliana PIN8: two outward-facing conformations with and without auxin, and one inward-facing conformation bound to the herbicide naphthylphthalamic acid. The structure forms a homodimer, with each monomer divided into a transport and scaffold domain with a clearly defined auxin binding site. Next to the binding site, a proline–proline crossover is a pivot point for structural changes associated with transport, which we show to be independent of proton and ion gradients and probably driven by the negative charge of the auxin. The structures and biochemical data reveal an elevator-type transport mechanism reminiscent of bile acid/sodium symporters, bicarbonate/sodium symporters and sodium/proton antiporters. Our results provide a comprehensive molecular model for auxin recognition and transport by PINs, link and expand on a well-known conceptual framework for transport, and explain a central mechanism of polar auxin transport, a core feature of plant physiology, growth and development. Structural and biophysical analysis of the Arabidopsis thaliana auxin transporter PIN8 reveal that PIN transporters export auxin using an elevator mechanism.
DOI: 10.1038/nature12484
发表时间: 2013-09-26
期刊: Nature
影响因子: 64.8
作者:
通讯作者: --
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.25.15112
发表时间: 1998-12-08
影响因子: 11.1
作者:
Chen, RJ;Hilson, P;Masson, PH
通讯作者: Masson, PH
DOI: 10.1107/s0907444909052925
发表时间: 2010-02
期刊: Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography
影响因子: --
作者:
Adams PD;Afonine PV;Bunkóczi G;Chen VB;Davis IW;Echols N;Headd JJ;Hung LW;Kapral GJ;Grosse-Kunstleve RW;McCoy AJ;Moriarty NW;Oeffner R;Read RJ;Richardson DC;Richardson JS;Terwilliger TC;Zwart PH
通讯作者: Zwart PH
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2020857118
发表时间: 2021-01-05
影响因子: 11.1
作者:
Abas, Lindy;Kolb, Martina;Hammes, Ulrich Z.
通讯作者: Hammes, Ulrich Z.
DOI: 10.1107/s0907444909042073
发表时间: 2010-01
期刊: Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography
影响因子: --
作者:
Chen VB;Arendall WB 3rd;Headd JJ;Keedy DA;Immormino RM;Kapral GJ;Murray LW;Richardson JS;Richardson DC
通讯作者: Richardson DC