Centromeric Cohesin: Molecular Glue and Much More
Centromeric Cohesin: Molecular Glue and Much More
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-58592-5_20
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Oliveira, Raquel A.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Mirkovic, Mihailo;Oliveira, Raquel A.
姐妹染色单体内聚由内聚蛋白复合物介导，是有丝分裂过程中染色体忠实分离的先决条件。姐妹染色单体内聚的过早释放导致遗传物质的随机分离和随后的非整倍性。多种调控机制确保了内聚建立的适当时机，伴随着DNA复制，并在随后的有丝分裂中释放内聚。本文总结了内聚蛋白周期中最重要的阶段以及内聚蛋白释放与有丝分裂过程的协调。我们进一步讨论了最近的证据，揭示了在后生动物有丝分裂的保真度中，内聚蛋白的着丝定位的附加功能。除了其公认的“分子胶”作用外，着丝粒内聚蛋白复合物现在正在成为有丝分裂过程中多个基本过程的支架，包括正确染色体和着丝点结构的形成，与有丝分裂纺锤体的力平衡，以及与调节有丝分裂保真度的关键分子的关联，特别是在染色体内着丝粒。因此，着丝粒染色质可以看作是一个动态的地方，在那里内聚蛋白通过多种手段确保有丝分裂的保真度。
Sister chromatid cohesion, mediated by the cohesin complex, is a prerequisite for faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis. Premature release of sister chromatid cohesion leads to random segregation of the genetic material and consequent aneuploidy. Multiple regulatory mechanisms ensure proper timing for cohesion establishment, concomitant with DNA replication, and cohesion release during the subsequent mitosis. Here we summarize the most important phases of the cohesin cycle and the coordination of cohesion release with the progression through mitosis. We further discuss recent evidence that has revealed additional functions for centromeric localization of cohesin in the fidelity of mitosis in metazoans. Beyond its well-established role as "molecular glue", centromeric cohesin complexes are now emerging as a scaffold for multiple fundamental processes during mitosis, including the formation of correct chromosome and kinetochore architecture, force balance with the mitotic spindle, and the association with key molecules that regulate mitotic fidelity, particularly at the chromosomal inner centromere. Centromeric chromatin may be thus seen as a dynamic place where cohesin ensures mitotic fidelity by multiple means.