Benefits, costs, and livelihood implications of a regional payment for ecosystem service program
Benefits, costs, and livelihood implications of a regional payment for ecosystem service program
复制标题
区域生态系统服务付费计划的效益、成本和生计影响
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1312324110
复制
发表时间：
2013-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Daily Gretchen C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zheng Hua;Robinson Brian E.;Liang Yi-Cheng;Polasky Stephen;Ma Dong-Chun;Wang Feng-Chun;Ruckelshaus Mary;Ouyang Zhi-Yun;Daily Gretchen C.
尽管人们对使用生态系统服务付费来促进自然资本使用的变化有广泛的兴趣，但很少有事后评估生态系统服务付费对生态系统服务提供、项目成本和项目参与所导致的生计变化的影响。在本文中，我们评估了中国北京的稻田变旱地（PLDL）计划，以及服务提供者生计活动的相关变化。PLDL是一项土地利用转换计划，旨在保护北京唯一的地表水水库的水质和水量，北京是中国首都，拥有近2000万居民。我们的分析将水文数据与家庭调查数据相结合，并表明PLDL产生的效益，提高水的数量和质量，超过减少农业产量的成本。PLDL的总体效益成本比为1.5，下游受益者和上游供应商都从该计划中获益。家庭数据显示，生计活动的变化可能会通过增加农业肥料支出抵消该方案的一些预期效果。然而，总体而言，减少从土地利用变化的肥料淋溶占主导地位，使该计划仍然有一个积极的净影响水质。该方案是用水者向上游土地所有者付费，通过改变土地用途来改善水量和水质的一个成功范例。计划评估还强调了考虑计划参与者行为变化的重要性。
Despite broad interest in using payment for ecosystem services to promote changes in the use of natural capital, there are few expost assessments of impacts of payment for ecosystem services programs on ecosystem service provision, program cost, and changes in livelihoods resulting from program participation. In this paper, we evaluate the Paddy Land-to-Dry Land (PLDL) program in Beijing, China, and associated changes in service providers’ livelihood activities. The PLDL is a land use conversion program that aims to protect water quality and quantity for the only surface water reservoir that serves Beijing, China’s capital city with nearly 20 million residents. Our analysis integrates hydrologic data with household survey data and shows that the PLDL generates benefits of improved water quantity and quality that exceed the costs of reduced agricultural output. The PLDL has an overall benefit–cost ratio of 1.5, and both downstream beneficiaries and upstream providers gain from the program. Household data show that changes in livelihood activities may offset some of the desired effects of the program through increased expenditures on agricultural fertilizers. Overall, however, reductions in fertilizer leaching from land use change dominate so that the program still has a positive net impact on water quality. This program is a successful example of water users paying upstream landholders to improve water quantity and quality through land use change. Program evaluation also highlights the importance of considering behavioral changes by program participants.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Heckman, JJ;Ichimura, H;Todd, PE
通讯作者：
Todd, PE
影响因子：
8.7
作者：
Jian Wu;Junjie Wu;Xiaoxiang Wang;Ma Zhong
通讯作者：
Jian Wu;Junjie Wu;Xiaoxiang Wang;Ma Zhong
通过改善中国集约农业系统的氮肥管理来降低环境风险
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0813417106
发表时间：
2009-03-03
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Ju, Xiao-Tang;Xing, Guang-Xi;Zhang, Fu-Suo
通讯作者：
Zhang, Fu-Suo
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
S. Dasgupta;K. Hamilton;S. Pagiola;D. Wheeler
通讯作者：
S. Dasgupta;K. Hamilton;S. Pagiola;D. Wheeler
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
J. Vincent
通讯作者：
J. Vincent