Living apart, losing sympathy? How neighbourhood context affects attitudes to redistribution and to welfare recipients
Living apart, losing sympathy? How neighbourhood context affects attitudes to redistribution and to welfare recipients
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DOI：
10.1068/a45641
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Leyland, Alastair H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bailey, Nick;Gannon, Maria;Leyland, Alastair H.
收入不平等的加剧与空间隔离的加剧直接相关。在本文中，我们将探讨日益严重的隔离是否会反过来削弱对福利国家再分配政策的支持，进一步增加不平等的程度-一种正反馈的形式。邻里的作用一直被忽视的态度研究，但政治地理和“邻里效应”的文献的基础上，我们的理论，邻里环境可能会塑造态度，通过直接传输的态度，并通过积累相关的知识。我们测试这一点，通过多层次建模的数据，从英格兰个人的态度，再分配一般，特别是福利受益人。我们发现，形成这些态度的个人因素是完全不同的，邻里环境的影响也因此而不同。研究结果支持了邻里环境塑造态度的观点，其中知识积累机制可能更重要。日益严重的空间隔离似乎会削弱对再分配的支持，但会增加对福利受益者的支持至少在主流媒体话语呈现出对福利受益者的污名化形象的背景下。
Rising levels of income inequality have been directly linked to rising levels of spatial segregation. In this paper we explore whether rising segregation may in turn erode support for the redistributive policies of the welfare state, further increasing levels of inequality-a form of positive feedback. The role of the neighbourhood has been neglected in attitudes research but, building on both political geography and 'neighbourhood effects' literatures, we theorise that neighbourhood context may shape attitudes through the transmission of attitudes directly and through the accumulation of relevant knowledge. We test this through multilevel modelling of data from England on individual attitudes to redistribution in general and to welfare benefit recipients in particular. We show that the individual factors shaping these attitudes are quite different and that the influence of neighbourhood context also varies as a result. The findings support the idea that neighbourhood context shapes attitudes, with the knowledge accumulation mechanism likely to be the more important. Rising spatial segregation would appear to erode support for redistribution but to increase support for welfare recipients-at least in a context where the dominant media discourse presents such a stigmatising image of those on welfare benefits.