Household and Community Disaster Preparedness in Japanese Provincial City: A Population-Based Household Survey
Household and Community Disaster Preparedness in Japanese Provincial City: A Population-Based Household Survey
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DOI：
10.4236/aa.2014.42010
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发表时间：
2014-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Tomio;Hajime Sato;Yuji Matsuda;T. Koga;H. Mizumura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Tomio;Hajime Sato;Yuji Matsuda;T. Koga;H. Mizumura
在日本最近发生大地震和海啸后，家庭和社区一级的准备工作再次得到强调。本文考察了日本一个省级城市的居民在这两个层面上的灾害准备的普遍性和决定因素。此外，它还试图揭示家庭和社区一级防备活动之间的联系，以检验它们之间存在互补关系的假设。我们在2011年2月和3月对日本长野县小森市的4000个随机抽样家庭进行了以人口为基础的家庭问卷调查。调查问卷包括具体的问题，以衡量家庭和社区两级的备灾状况。采用多变量logistic回归模型分析了家庭和社区准备的特征和相关性。我们发现家庭和社区两级的备灾不足。年龄较大、女性和受教育程度较高的户主与更好的家庭准备有关，而居住时间长短、非单身状态、有老年家庭成员和农业职业与更好的社区准备有关。拥有一项或多项家庭备灾措施的家庭比缺乏这些措施的家庭更有可能获得社区援助。家庭准备与社区准备之间的关系并不互补。因此，很大一部分家庭在社区和家庭两级都没有准备。
Household- and community-level preparedness have been re-emphasized after recent major earthquakes and tsunamis in Japan. The paper examines the prevalence and the determinants of disaster preparedness among the residents of a provincial city in Japan at both levels. Furthermore, it seeks to uncover the associations between household- and community-level preparedness activities to test the hypothesis that a complementary relationship exists between them. We used a subset of a population-based household questionnaire survey of 4000 randomly sampled households in Komoro City in the Nagano Prefecture of Japan in February and March of 2011. The questionnaire included specific questions to measure disaster the preparedness status at both the household and community levels. The characteristics and associations of household- and community-level preparedness were analyzed with multivariable logistic regression models. We found insufficient disaster preparedness at both household and community levels. Older, female, and better educated household heads were associated with better household preparedness, while length at residence, non-single status, presence of an elderly household member, and farming occupations were associated with better community preparedness. Households with one or more household-level preparedness measures were more likely to receive community assistance than those lacking them. The relationship between household and community preparedness was not complementary. Hence, a large proportion of the households were unprepared at both the community and household levels.