Quaternary Ammonium Compounds in Urban Estuarine Sediment Environments - A Class of Contaminants in Need of Increased Attention?
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds in Urban Estuarine Sediment Environments - A Class of Contaminants in Need of Increased Attention?
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DOI：
10.1021/es1011669
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Brownawell, Bruce J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Xiaolin;Brownawell, Bruce J.
测定了哈德逊河下游城市化地区表层沉积物（n = 47）中季铵化合物（OACs）的分布特征。最丰富的一类OAC是二烷基二甲基铵化合物（DADMAC，具有C8至C18碳链长度;中值Sigma DADMAC = 26 μ g/g），其次是苄基烷基二甲基铵化合物（BAC，C12-C18; 1.5 μ g/g）和烷基三甲基铵化合物（ATMAC，主要是C16和C18; 0.52 μ g/g）。总OAC的浓度高于在相同样品上测定的其他常规有机污染物的浓度（例如，中位σ PAH水平为2.1 μ g/g）。相对较高的浓度，与污水衍生污染物的相关性，以及在大面积上观察到的相对恒定的有机碳成分表明，许多沉积物吸附的GAC可以在接收沃茨中相对持久。不寻常的大浓度依赖吸附被认为是一种机制，可能会影响持久性的这些本质上可生物降解的化学品在现场条件下。对这些类型的阳离子表面活性剂进行的实地研究相对较少;鉴于此处观察到的OAC水平，建议进行进一步调查。
The distributions of wastewater-derived quaternary ammonium compounds (OACs) were determined in surficial sediments (n = 47) collected from the urbanized lower Hudson River basin. The most abundant class of OACs were dialkyldimethylammonium compounds (DADMACs, with C8 to C18 carbon chain lengths; median Sigma DADMAC = 26 mu g/g), followed by benzylalkyldimethylammonium compounds (BAC, C12-C18; 1.5 mu g/g), and alkyltrimethylammonium compounds (ATMAC, primarily C16 and C18; 0.52 mu g/g). The concentrations of total OACs are higher than those of other conventional organic contaminants determined on the same samples (e.g., median Sigma PAH level of 2.1 mu g/g). Comparatively high concentrations, correlations with sewage derived contaminants, and the relatively constant compositions of OACs observed over large areas suggest that many sediment-sorbed GACs can be relatively persistent in receiving waters. Unusually large concentration-dependent sorption is considered as a mechanism that likely affects persistence of these intrinsically biodegradable chemicals under field conditions. There has been comparatively little field-based research on these classes of cationic surfactants; given the levels of OACs observed here, it is suggested that further investigation is warranted.