‘Muscles for Motherhood’: A Genealogical Analysis of Medicalized Ways of Knowing Female Footballers in New Zealand, 1921 and 1973–1975
‘Muscles for Motherhood’: A Genealogical Analysis of Medicalized Ways of Knowing Female Footballers in New Zealand, 1921 and 1973–1975
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“母性的肌肉”：1921 年和 1973-1975 年新西兰女足球运动员的医学认识方式的系谱分析
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发表时间：
2015
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Pringle
中科院分区：
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作者：
Barbara Cox;R. Pringle
摘要米歇尔·福柯认为，女性逐渐融入医疗实践领域的过程被他称为“女性身体的歇斯底里”(福柯，《性的历史》，第一卷：导论，纽约：万神殿图书，1978,104)。在这篇文章中，我们利用福柯来考察在两个时期(1921和1973-1975)内，女性的身体、锻炼和母亲身份对新西兰女子足球历史发展的影响。利用他的谱系框架，我们分析了报纸报道、历史文献，并进行了深入的采访，以展示医学/科学话语如何限制和促进女性参与足球。我们得出的结论是，虽然1921年医学知识被用来公开取消这位女足球运动员的合法性，因此她突然从体育界消失，但在20世纪70年代初，这种医学知识的缺乏，加上与第二波女权运动相关的社会变化，为新西兰女子足球最终的“正常化”铺平了道路。
ABSTRACT Michel Foucault argued that females gradually became integrated into the sphere of medical practices through a process which he termed as a ‘hysterization of women’s bodies’ (Foucault, The History of Sexuality, Volume One: An Introduction, New York: Pantheon Books, 1978, 104). In this article, we draw on Foucault to examine how women’s bodies, exercise and motherhood impacted on the historical development of female football in New Zealand within two time periods (1921 and 1973–1975). Employing his genealogical framework, we analyze newspaper reports, historical documents and conducted in-depth interviews to demonstrate how medical/scientific discourses both constrained and enabled the participation of women in football. We conclude that while medical knowledge was used to publicly disqualify the legitimacy of the female footballer in 1921, and hence her abrupt disappearance from the sporting realm, the absence of such medical knowledge in the early 1970s, combined with societal changes associated with second wave feminism, paved the way for the eventual ‘normalization’ of female football in New Zealand.