Hydrodynamic nucleation of quantized vortex pairs in a polariton quantum fluid
Hydrodynamic nucleation of quantized vortex pairs in a polariton quantum fluid
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys1959
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Deveaud-Pledran, Benoit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nardin, Gael;Grosso, Gabriele;Deveaud-Pledran, Benoit
量子涡旋出现在量子气体的超流性崩溃。在液氦和冷原子气体中，它们被认为是经典流体中湍流的量子对应物。在固态下，被称为激子极化激元的复合轻物质玻色子使非平衡量子气体和超流性的研究成为可能。然而，到目前为止，还没有极化激元涡旋的流体动力学成核的实验证据。在这里，我们报告的实验研究的极化激元流体流过障碍物和观察的量子化涡对的核化的障碍物的尾迹。我们对成核机制进行了成像，并沿着流动跟踪涡流的运动。的成核条件建立在局部流体密度和速度上测量的障碍物周长。基于Gross-Pitaevskii方程的解析解，通过数值模拟成功地再现了实验结果。
Quantized vortices appear in quantum gases at the breakdown of superfluidity. In liquid helium and cold atomic gases, they have been indentified as the quantum counterpart of turbulence in classical fluids. In the solid state, composite light-matter bosons known as exciton polaritons have enabled studies of non-equilibrium quantum gases and superfluidity. However, there has been no experimental evidence of hydrodynamic nucleation of polariton vortices so far. Here we report the experimental study of a polariton fluid flowing past an obstacle and the observation of nucleation of quantized vortex pairs in the wake of the obstacle. We image the nucleation mechanism and track the motion of the vortices along the flow. The nucleation conditions are established in terms of local fluid density and velocity measured on the obstacle perimeter. The experimental results are successfully reproduced by numerical simulations based on the resolution of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.