Assessing the variability in hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity occurrence between North American shale plays
Assessing the variability in hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity occurrence between North American shale plays
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评估北美页岩区之间水力压裂诱发的地震活动的变化
DOI：
10.1016/j.tecto.2023.229898
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Verdon J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Verdon J
我们研究了北美不同页岩区带之间水力压裂诱发地震（HF-IS）发生率的差异。虽然以前的研究调查了HF-IS患病率的变化在个别播放，没有研究比较HF-IS发生在不同的播放。我们的研究检查了水力压裂和12个页岩区带的诱发地震活动之间的关联：巴内特、巴肯、杜韦奈、鹰福特、费耶特维尔、海恩斯维尔、霍恩河、马塞勒斯、蒙尼、尼奥布拉拉、尤蒂卡和伍德福特。我们使用已发表的研究和区域及国家地震数据库的数据组合，为每一个活动编制地震目录。对于美国的区块，我们从FracFocus数据库中编译井数据，而对于加拿大的区块，我们编译由省级监管机构提供的井数据。我们使用率变化的方法来确定潜在的情况下，HF-IS，在空间和时间上接近活跃的威尔斯的地震发生率高于背景水平的增加，以表明地震事件是由水力压裂引起的可能性。我们发现不同区块之间的高频-IS发生率存在几个数量级的巨大变化：对于某些区块，我们发现平均每3口威尔斯井发生一次M ≥ 2.0的事件，而有些区块尽管进行了数千口威尔斯井的水力压裂，并注入了数亿立方米的流体，但没有任何合理的高频-IS情况。我们解释这些变化与基础地质条件。我们发现，地质力学连接到基底岩石可能会促进HF-IS，但也有没有这样的连接，也产生了显着水平的诱发地震活动的游戏。我们发现，HF-IS是更普遍的播放高孔隙压力梯度和走滑压应力制度。多元线性回归发现这两个参数与观察到的HF-IS发生率之间具有统计学显著性拟合。
We examine differences in the occurrence rates of hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity (HF-IS) between different shale plays in North America. While previous studies have investigated variations in HF-IS prevalence within individual plays, no studies have compared HF-IS occurrence between different plays. Our study examines associations between hydraulic fracturing and induced seismicity across 12 shale plays: the Barnett, Bakken, Duvernay, Eagle Ford, Fayetteville, Haynesville, Horn River, Marcellus, Montney, Niobrara, Utica, and Woodford. We compile earthquake catalogues for each play using a combination of data from published studies and regional and national earthquake databases. For plays in the United States we compile well data from the FracFocus database, while for Canadian plays we compile well data provided by provincial regulators. We use a rate-change approach to identify potential cases of HF-IS, where increases in earthquake rates above a background level in spatial and temporal proximity to active wells is taken to indicate a likelihood that seismic events are induced by hydraulic fracturing. We find very large variations, of several orders of magnitude, in the occurrence rates of HF-IS between different plays: for some plays we find an average rate of one M ≥ 2.0 event per 3 wells, while some plays do not have any plausible cases of HF-IS despite hydraulic fracturing of many thousands of wells, and injection of several hundred million m3of fluid. We interpret these variations with respect to the underlying geological conditions. We find that geomechanical connections into basement rocks may promote HF-IS, but there are plays without such connections that have also generated significant levels of induced seismicity. We find that HF-IS is more prevalent in plays with high pore pressure gradients and strike-slip to compressive stress regimes. A multiple linear regression finds statistically significant fit between these two parameters in tandem and the observed rates of HF-IS occurrence.