Career intentions of final year medical students in Uganda after graduating: the burden of brain drain.
Career intentions of final year medical students in Uganda after graduating: the burden of brain drain.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12909-015-0396-0
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Sewankambo N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kizito S;Mukunya D;Nakitende J;Nambasa S;Nampogo A;Kalyesubula R;Katamba A;Sewankambo N
乌干达尽管疾病负担沉重，但卫生人力资源严重短缺。该国是世界上生育率和人口增长率最高的国家之一，迫切需要训练有素的卫生工作者。目前1:15000的医生与病人的比例是不够的，而且受过训练的卫生工作者离开该国而其他人则放弃卫生部门，这进一步限制了这一比例。该研究的目的是确定最后一年医学生毕业后离开县和卫生领域的职业意图以及相关因素。我们对来自麦克雷雷、姆巴拉拉、古鲁和坎帕拉国际大学的 251 名最后一年的医学生进行了一项横断面研究。我们招收了所有符合资格的最后一年医学生。该研究是在每所大学进行面对面问卷调查的。我们确定了人口统计数据、出国原因和卫生部门以及计划出国的医学生的预期目的地。数据输入 Epidata，然后导出并在 stata 12 中进行分析。在参与该研究的 251 名学生中，28 名学生 (11.2%) 希望离开卫生部门，其中姆巴拉拉科技大学 (MUST) 的比例最高，为 16.7%，坎帕拉国际大学 (KIU) 的比例最低，为 7.7%。在打算离开卫生部门的 28 人中，82.1% 的人希望进入商业部门，10.7% 的人想进入农业，7.1% 的人想从政。打算离开的原因是：医院缺乏设备和用品、病人数量过多、工作环境非常危险、医生报酬低以及政治原因。总体而言，112 名 (44.6%) 的参与者希望离开该国，其中 30.3% 的人打算移民到美国 (USA)，11.9% 的人打算移民到英国 (UK)，11.0% 的人打算移民到南非等。给出的一些原因是：医生在国外的薪水很高，工作环境安全，并且渴望继续学业。年龄与出境意愿相关（OR = 1.64；95% CI：1.00 – 4.82）。在一个急需卫生工作者的国家，研究显示很大比例的见习卫生工作者计划在培训后放弃自己的职业或从乌干达移民。
Uganda has severe shortage of human resources for health despite the heavy disease burden. The country has one of the highest fertility, and population growth rates in the world and is in dire need of trained health workers. The current doctor: patient ratio of 1:15000 is inadequate and this is further constrained by trained health workers leaving the country while others abandon the health sector. The aim of the study was to determine the career intentions of the final year medical students to leave the county and health field after graduating and the associated factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 251 final year medical students from Makerere, Mbarara, Gulu and Kampala International Universities. We enrolled all the eligible final year medical students. The study was conducted using face-to-face questionnaires in each university. We determined the demographics, reasons for leaving the country and health sector and the intended destinations of medical students who planned to leave the country. Data was entered in Epidata then exported and analyzed in stata 12. Of the 251 students enrolled in the study, 28(11.2 %) wanted to leave the health sector, with Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST) having the highest percentage, 16.7 % and Kampala International University (KIU) the least, 7.7 %. Of the 28 who intended to leave the health sector, 82.1 % wanted to join the business sector, 10.7 % agriculture, and 7.1 % politics. Reasons given for the intent to leave were; lack of equipment and supplies in hospitals, over whelming patient numbers, very risky working environment, low payment to doctors, and political reasons. Overall, 112 (44.6 %) of the participants wanted to leave the country with 30.3 % intending to migrate to United States of America (USA), 11.9 % to United Kingdom (UK), 11.0 % to South Africa among others. Some of the reasons given were; doctors are paid a high salary abroad, safe working environment, and desire to continue academics. Age was associated with intention to leave the country (OR = 1.64; 95 % CI: 1.00 – 4.82). In a country in dire need of health workers, the study showed high proportion of trainee health workers planning to abandon their professions or emigrate from Uganda after training.