Genetics of Polyketide Metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans.
Genetics of Polyketide Metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/metabo2010100
复制
发表时间：
2012-01-30
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Nielsen JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klejnstrup ML;Frandsen RJ;Holm DK;Nielsen MT;Mortensen UH;Larsen TO;Nielsen JB
次生代谢物是结构多样性大、生物活性范围广的小分子物质。有些代谢物是有吸引力的药物或色素，而另一些则是有害的真菌毒素。丝状真菌具有产生包括聚酮在内的多种次生代谢物的能力。产生这些代谢物所需的大多数基因大多是以基因簇的形式组织起来的，在实验室条件下，这些基因往往是沉默的或几乎没有表达，这使得发现和分析变得困难。幸运的是，几种丝状真菌的基因组序列是公开的，这极大地促进了基因和代谢产物之间的联系的建立。这篇综述涵盖了在真菌模式生物尼杜拉曲霉中激活聚酮代谢的尝试。此外，它还将提供十个聚酮合成酶基因与聚酮产品偶联的途径的概述。因此，将提出下列代谢物的生物合成建议：萘比酮、杂色曲霉毒素、阿司匹里酮、草甘草酰胺、阿斯匹林、阿斯呋喃酮、单二苯酮/大黄素、奥司匹林和奥司丁醇。
Secondary metabolites are small molecules that show large structural diversity and a broad range of bioactivities. Some metabolites are attractive as drugs or pigments while others act as harmful mycotoxins. Filamentous fungi have the capacity to produce a wide array of secondary metabolites including polyketides. The majority of genes required for production of these metabolites are mostly organized in gene clusters, which often are silent or barely expressed under laboratory conditions, making discovery and analysis difficult. Fortunately, the genome sequences of several filamentous fungi are publicly available, greatly facilitating the establishment of links between genes and metabolites. This review covers the attempts being made to trigger the activation of polyketide metabolism in the fungal model organism Aspergillus nidulans. Moreover, it will provide an overview of the pathways where ten polyketide synthase genes have been coupled to polyketide products. Therefore, the proposed biosynthesis of the following metabolites will be presented; naphthopyrone, sterigmatocystin, aspyridones, emericellamides, asperthecin, asperfuranone, monodictyphenone/emodin, orsellinic acid, and the austinols.