Assessment of human exposure to triclocarban, triclosan and five parabens in US indoor dust using dispersive solid phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Assessment of human exposure to triclocarban, triclosan and five parabens in US indoor dust using dispersive solid phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.08.014
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发表时间：
2018-10-15
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Halden, Rolf U.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, Jing;Hartmann, Erica M.;Halden, Rolf U.
室内粉尘中的抗菌剂由于其内分泌干扰活性和潜在的促进抗生素耐药性而引起人们的关注。采用分散固相萃取(d-SPE)和液质联用法(LC-MS/MS)对粉尘中的抗菌素进行定量。该方法具有良好的线性关系(R-2>；0.99)、回收率(83-115%)和方法检出限(1.2-5.6 ng/g干重)。在从体育设施和住宅收集的80个美国粉尘样本中，所有7种分析物的中位数浓度均为每克ng/g：对羟基苯甲酸甲酯(1920)>；对羟基苯甲酸丙酯(965)>；三氯生(390)>；三氯卡班(270)>；对羟基苯甲酸乙酯(195)>；对羟基苯甲酸丁酯(80)>；对羟基苯甲酸苄酯(6)。体育场馆粉尘中的三氯生水平显著高于私人住宅(p<；0.05)。成人每日估计抗菌素摄入量的中位数(以ng/kg体重/d为单位)最低(1.9)，而较敏感人群的估计摄入量(EDI)较高，包括婴儿(19.8)、幼儿(23.6)、儿童(11.8)和青少年(4.6)。这种首次将d-SPE应用于粉尘分析的方法产生了美国室内粉尘中三氯生和三氯卡班水平的基准数据，就在2017年联邦禁止在杀菌肥皂和相关个人护理产品中使用这些三氯代芳烃之前。
Antimicrobials in indoor dust pose concerns due to their endocrine disrupting activities and potential promotion of antibiotic resistance. We adopted dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to quantify antimicrobials in dust. The method showed favorable linearity (R-2 > 0.99), recovery (83-115%), and method detection limits (1.2-5.6 ng/g, dry weight). All seven analytes were found at median concentrations in ng/g in each of the 80 U.S. dust samples collected from athletic facilities and residential homes: methyl paraben (1920) > propyl paraben (965) > triclosan (390) > triclocarban (270) > ethyl paraben (195) > butyl paraben (80) > benzyl paraben (6). Triclosan levels in dust from athletic facilities were significantly higher than those in private homes (p < 0.05). Median estimated daily intake (EDI) of antimicrobials in ng/kg-body weight/d from dust ingestion was lowest for adults (1.9) and higher for more sensitive subpopulations, including infants (19.8), toddlers (23.6), children (11.8) and teenagers (4.6). This first application of d-SPE to the analysis of dust produced U.S. baseline data for triclosan and triclocarban levels in indoor dust just prior to the 2017 Federal ban on use of these trichlorinated aromatics in antiseptic soaps and related personal care products.