Mass immunization with inactivated polio vaccine in conflict zones - Experience from Borno and Yobe States, North-Eastern Nigeria
Mass immunization with inactivated polio vaccine in conflict zones - Experience from Borno and Yobe States, North-Eastern Nigeria
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DOI：
10.1057/jphp.2015.34
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Etsano, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shuaibu, Faisal M.;Birukila, Gerida;Etsano, Andrew
在常规免疫中使用灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗（IPV）取代口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）对根除脊髓灰质炎至关重要。2014年6月，尼日利亚在受冲突影响的博尔诺州和约贝州发起了一项IPV运动，这是非洲有史以来规模最大的一次。我们提出了倡议和经验教训。为期8天的活动包括两个平行的活动。OPV的目标年龄为0-59个月，而IPV的目标年龄为14周至59个月的所有儿童。博尔诺州初级卫生保健机构为演习设立了临时卫生营地，并为所有人治疗小病。口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗运动的目标人口是博尔诺州的685 674名儿童和约贝州的113 774名儿童。博尔诺州的IPV目标人群为608 964人，约贝州为111 570人。博尔诺州和约贝州口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗覆盖率分别为105.1%和103.3%。博尔诺州的IPV覆盖率为102.9%，约贝州为99.1%。（当我们描述覆盖率超过100%时，这反映了最初对目标人口的低估。）在冲突地区开展成功的疫苗接种运动是可行的。
The use of Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) in routine immunization to replace Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) is crucial in eradicating polio. In June 2014, Nigeria launched an IPV campaign in the conflict-affected states of Borno and Yobe, the largest ever implemented in Africa. We present the initiatives and lessons learned. The 8-day event involved two parallel campaigns. OPV target age was 0-59 months, while IPV targeted all children aged 14 weeks to 59 months. The Borno state primary health care agency set up temporary health camps for the exercise and treated minor ailments for all. The target population for the OPV campaign was 685 674 children in Borno and 113 774 in Yobe. The IPV target population for Borno was 608 964 and for Yobe 111 570. OPV coverage was 105.1 per cent for Borno and 103.3 per cent for Yobe. IPV coverage was 102.9 per cent for Borno and 99.1 per cent for Yobe. (Where we describe coverage as greater than 100 per cent, this reflects original underestimates of the target populations.) A successful campaign and IPV immunization is viable in conflict areas.