Inconsistency of threat level in soft armour standards, correlation of experimental tests to bullet X-ray 3D images
Inconsistency of threat level in soft armour standards, correlation of experimental tests to bullet X-ray 3D images
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软装甲标准中威胁等级的不一致、实验测试与子弹X射线3D图像的相关性
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Williams
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作者：
John Thornby;D. Landheer;Tim Williams;Jane Barnes;P. Fenne;A. Attridge;M. Williams
任何弹道装甲标准的基础都是要击败的参考弹丸。通常，对于认证，假定子弹几何形状的一致性。因此，弹壳尺寸的实际变化会产生深远的影响。传统上，内部尺寸是通过对子弹进行物理切片来分析的，这种方法排除了任何后续的弹道评估。使用非破坏性的x射线计算机断层扫描（CT）方法被证明在[1]。现在，作者将该技术应用于将子弹冲击响应与护套厚度变化联系起来。选取了20发子弹（9 mm DM 11），使用基于图像的分析方法来绘制弹套厚度并测量重心，分析了子弹内部和子弹之间的变化。所有子弹沿长度方向的厚度变化普遍在200μm左右，少数子弹的角度变化可达50μm。子弹随后被撞击在坚硬的平板上并重新扫描。给出了试验结果，并与未变形弹套厚度变化进行了比较。结论对今后软装甲标准的制定具有重要意义，并为数值模型的建立和开发提供了重要数据。
Fundamental to any ballistic armour standard is the reference projectile that is to be defeated. Typically, for certification, consistency of bullet geometry is assumed. Therefore, practical variations in bullet jacket dimensions can have far reaching consequences. Traditionally, internal dimensions have been analysed by physically sectioning bullets – an approach which rules out any subsequent ballistic assessment. The use of a non-destructive X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) method was demonstrated in [1]. Now, the authors apply this technique to correlate bullet impact response to jacket thickness variations. A set of 20 bullets (9 mm DM 11) was selected to analyse both intra and inter bullet variations using an image based analysis method to map the jacket thickness and measure the centre of gravity. Thickness variations of the order of 200μm were found commonly across all the bullets along the length and an angular variation of up to 50μm was found in a few bullets. The bullets were subsequently impacted against a rigid flat plate and re-scanned. The results of the experiments are shown and compared to the un-deformed bullet jacket thickness variations. The conclusions are relevant for future soft armour standards and provide important data for numerical model correlation and development.