Genomic evolution of the placenta using co-option and duplication and divergence
Genomic evolution of the placenta using co-option and duplication and divergence
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DOI：
10.1101/gr.071407.107
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Baker, Julie C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knox, Kirstin;Baker, Julie C.
胎盘的发明促进了哺乳动物的进化。胎盘如何从鸟类和爬行动物中观察到的简单结构进化成维持人类生命的复杂器官，是进化的最大谜团之一。通过使用包括胎盘整个生命周期的时间进程微阵列分析，我们揭示了胎盘形成背后的分子和基因组变化，并发现在小鼠和人类的胎盘进化过程中利用了两种不同的进化机制。参与生长和代谢的古老基因在早期胚胎发生过程中被选择使用，这可能有助于加速胚胎外组织的发育。最近复制的基因在胎盘形成的后期阶段被利用，以满足各种妊娠生理的代谢需求。这些机制共同促进了特殊胎盘的发育，这种新颖的结构导致了包括人类在内的真兽类哺乳动物的扩张。
The invention of the placenta facilitated the evolution of mammals. How the placenta evolved from the simple structure observed in birds and reptiles into the complex organ that sustains human life is one of the great mysteries of evolution. By using a timecourse microarray analysis including the entire lifetime of the placenta, we uncover molecular and genomic changes that underlie placentation and find that two distinct evolutionary mechanisms were utilized during placental evolution in mice and human. Ancient genes involved in growth and metabolism were co-opted for use during early embryogenesis, likely enabling the accelerated development of extraembryonic tissues. Recently duplicated genes are utilized at later stages of placentation to meet the metabolic needs of a diverse range of pregnancy physiologies. Together, these mechanisms served to develop the specialized placenta, a novel structure that led to expansion of the eutherian mammal, including humankind.