Emotion in criminal offenders with psychopathy and borderline personality disorder
Emotion in criminal offenders with psychopathy and borderline personality disorder
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.58.8.737
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发表时间：
2001-08-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sass, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herpertz, SC;Werth, U;Sass, H
背景资料：被诊断为精神病或边缘型人格障碍（BPD）的罪犯都有冲动的本性，但他们的情绪反应方式往往不同。本研究的目的是使用多种心理生理措施，比较情绪反应，不愉快和愉快的stimulation.Methods：25个精神病患者定义的野兔精神病检查表和18例BPD从2个高安全性的法医治疗设施被列入研究沿着与24名对照组。皮肤电反应被用作情绪唤醒的指标，惊吓反射作为衡量效价的调制，以及作为情绪expression.Results的指标皱眉肌的肌电图活动，精神病患者的特点是皮肤电反应性降低，面部表情少，情感惊吓调制的情况下。更高比例的精神病患者没有惊吓反射。BPD受试者的反应模式与对照组非常相似，即，他们表现出相当的自主觉醒，他们的惊吓反应最强的不愉快的幻灯片和最弱的愉快的幻灯片。然而，皱眉肌肌电图活动与BPD的主题表现出很少的面部调制时，他们看到无论是愉快的或不愉快的slide.Conclusions：结果支持的理论，精神病患者的特点是由一个明显的缺乏恐惧的厌恶事件。此外，研究结果表明，在处理情感信息，无论刺激是积极的还是消极的一般赤字。情绪低反应性是特定于精神病患者，因为BPD罪犯的结果表明对情绪刺激的处理广泛充分。
Background: Criminal offenders with a diagnosis of psychopathy or borderline personality disorder (BPD) share an impulsive nature but tend to differ in their style of emotional response. This study aims to use multiple psychophysiologic measures to compare emotional responses to unpleasant and pleasant stimuli.Methods: Twenty-five psychopaths as defined by the Hare Psychopathy Checklist and 18 subjects with BPD from 2 high-security forensic treatment facilities were included in the study along with 24 control subjects. Electrodermal response was used as an indicator of emotional arousal, modulation of the startle reflex as a measure of valence, and electromyographic activity of the corrugator muscle as an index of emotional expression.Results: Compared with controls, psychopaths were characterized by decreased electrodermal responsiveness, less facial expression, and the absence of affective startle modulation. A higher percentage of psychopaths showed no startle reflex. Subjects with BPD showed a response pattern very similar to that of controls, ie, they showed comparable autonomic arousal, and their startle responses were strongest to unpleasant slides and weakest to pleasant slides. However, corrugator electromyographic activity in subjects with BPD demonstrated little facial modulation when they viewed either pleasant or unpleasant slides.Conclusions: The results support the theory that psychopaths are characterized by a pronounced lack of fear in response to aversive events. Furthermore, the results suggest a general deficit in processing affective information, regardless of whether stimuli are negative or positive. Emotional hyporesponsiveness was specific to psychopaths, since results for offenders with BPD indicate a widely adequate processing of emotional stimuli.