Sodium Intake and Cardiovascular Health
Sodium Intake and Cardiovascular Health
复制标题
DOI：
10.1161/circresaha.116.303771
复制
发表时间：
2015-03-13
影响因子：
20.1
通讯作者：
Yusuf, Salim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Donnell, Martin;Mente, Andrew;Yusuf, Salim
钠是一种必需营养素。增加钠摄入量与血压升高有关，而低钠摄入量会导致肾素和醛固酮水平升高。随机对照试验报告称，血压随着钠摄入量的减少而降低，钠摄入量达到 30 万人的水平，并表明心血管事件和死亡的风险最低发生在平均钠摄入量范围（3-5 克/天）的人群中。与较高钠摄入量（> 5克/天）相关的心血管事件风险增加在高血压患者中最为突出。该领域的一个主要缺陷是缺乏大型随机对照试验来提供预防心血管事件的最佳钠摄入量的明确证据。在进行此类试验之前，目前的证据建议一般人群适度摄入钠（3-5克/天），并针对高血压患者的适度范围的下限。
Sodium is an essential nutrient. Increasing sodium intake is associated with increasing blood pressure, whereas low sodium intake results in increased renin and aldosterone levels. Randomized controlled trials have reported reductions in blood pressure with reductions in sodium intake, to levels of sodium intake 300 000 people, and suggests that the lowest risk of cardiovascular events and death occurs in populations consuming an average sodium intake range (3-5 g/d). The increased risk of cardiovascular events associated with higher sodium intake (>5 g/d) is most prominent in those with hypertension. A major deficit in the field is the absence of large randomized controlled trials to provide definitive evidence on optimal sodium intake for preventing cardiovascular events. Pending such trials, current evidence would suggest a recommendation for moderate sodium intake in the general population (3-5 g/d), with targeting the lower end of the moderate range among those with hypertension.