The neuropeptides CCK and NPY and the changing view of cell-to-cell communication in the taste bud
The neuropeptides CCK and NPY and the changing view of cell-to-cell communication in the taste bud
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.02.043
复制
发表时间：
2009-07-14
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Zhao, Fang-li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herness, Scott;Zhao, Fang-li
不断发展的味蕾观越来越多地表明，味蕾是一个复杂的信号处理单元。许多神经递质和神经肽及其相应的受体现在已知在哺乳动物芽的味觉受体细胞亚群中表达。这些表达模式建立了细胞间的通讯途径，其确切的生理作用仍然不清楚。正如在其他细胞系统中发生的那样，神经肽很可能与神经递质共表达并起神经调节剂的作用。在味觉受体细胞中发现了几种神经肽，包括胆囊收缩素（CCK）、神经肽Y （NPY）、血管活性肠肽（VIP）和胰高血糖素样肽I （GLP-1）。其中，CCK和NPY是研究得最好的。这两种肽在相同的突触前细胞中共同表达；然而，它们的突触后作用是发散的和拮抗的。CCK及其受体M-1亚型在味觉受体细胞的同一亚群中表达，这些细胞的自分泌激活产生许多兴奋性生理行为。此外，这些细胞中的大多数对苦味刺激有反应。另一方面，NPY及其受体NPY-1亚型在不同细胞中表达。NPY以旁分泌方式作用于NPY-1受体，对细胞产生抑制作用。初步证据表明，NPY-1受体表达细胞共表达T1R3， T1R3是g蛋白偶联受体T1R家族的成员，被认为在检测甜味和鲜味刺激中很重要。因此，神经肽表达细胞共表达CCK、NPY和CCK-1受体。这些细胞在苦味刺激时释放的神经肽可能协同工作，既调节对苦味敏感的味觉受体细胞的兴奋，又抑制对甜味敏感的细胞。这种调节过程类似于发生在其他感觉系统中的侧抑制现象。(C) 2009爱思唯尔公司版权所有。
The evolving view of the taste bud increasingly suggests that it operates as a complex signal processing unit. A number of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides and their corresponding receptors are now known to be expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells in the mammalian bud. These expression patterns set up hard-wired cell-to-cell communication pathways whose exact physiological roles still remain obscure. As occurs in other cellular systems, it is likely that neuropeptides are co-expressed with neurotramsmitters and function as neuromodulators. Several neuropeptides have been identified in taste receptor cells including cholecystokinin (CCK), neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and glucagon-like peptide I (GLP-1). Of these, CCK and NPY are the best studied. These two peptides are co-expressed in the same presynaptic cells; however, their postsynaptic actions are both divergent and antagonistic. CCK and its receptor, the M-1 subtype, are expressed in the same subset of taste receptor cells and the autocrine activation of these cells produces a number of excitatory physiological actions. Further, most of these cells are responsive to bitter stimuli. On the other hand, NPY and its receptor, the NPY-1 subtype, are expressed in different cells. NPY, acting in a paracrine fashion on NPY-1 receptors, results in inhibitory actions on the cell. Preliminary evidence suggests the NPY-1 receptor expressing cell co-expresses T1R3, a member of the T1R family of G-protein coupled receptors thought to be important in detection of sweet and umami stimuli. Thus the neuropeptide expressing cells co-express CCK, NPY, and CCK-1 receptor. Neuropeptides released from these cells during bitter stimulation may work in concert to both modulate the excitation of bitter-sensitive taste receptor cells while concurrently inhibiting sweet-sensitive cells. This modulatory process is similar to the phenomenon of lateral inhibition that occurs in other sensory systems. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.