The neural speed of familiar face recognition
The neural speed of familiar face recognition
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.06.017
复制
发表时间：
2015-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Barbeau, E. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barragan-Jason, G.;Cauchoix, M.;Barbeau, E. J.
快速识别熟悉的人从他们的脸似乎是至关重要的社会交往（例如，区分敌友）。然而，人类大脑区分熟悉面孔和陌生面孔的实际速度仍然存在争议。特别是，目前还不清楚是否可以从快速人脸个性化提取熟悉度，或者它是否需要额外的时间消耗处理。我们记录了28名执行去/不去、著名/非著名、不重复的面部识别任务的受试者的头皮脑电活动。速度限制被用来鼓励受试者使用最早的熟悉信息。事件相关电位（ERP）分析表明，N170和N250成分的调制熟悉。N170调制与行为有关：呈现最强N170调制的受试者也比仅显示弱N170调制的受试者更快但准确性更低。一个补充的多变量模式分析（MVPA）证实了ERP结果，并提供了更多关于面部识别动态的见解，因为N170差异效应似乎与大约140 ms开始的第一个短暂阶段（解码能力的短暂提升）有关，之后又回到了基线。此后，在刺激开始后约200 ms开始，这种活动的增加之后是解码能力的增加。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，而不是一个简单的单一过程，面孔的熟悉可能依赖于一系列神经过程，包括从140毫秒开始的粗而快的阶段和200毫秒后发生的更精细但更慢的阶段。
Rapidly recognizing familiar people from their faces appears critical for social interactions (e.g., to differentiate friend from foe). However, the actual speed at which the human brain can distinguish familiar from unknown faces still remains debated. In particular, it is not clear whether familiarity can be extracted from rapid face individualization or if it requires additional time consuming processing. We recorded scalp EEG activity in 28 subjects performing a go/no-go, famous/non-famous, unrepeated, face recognition task. Speed constraints were used to encourage subjects to use the earliest familiarity information available. Event related potential (ERP) analyses show that both the N170 and the N250 components were modulated by familiarity. The N170 modulation was related to behaviour: subjects presenting the strongest N170 modulation were also faster but less accurate than those who only showed weak N170 modulation. A complementary Multi-Variate Pattern Analysis (MVPA) confirmed ERP results and provided some more insights into the dynamics of face recognition as the N170 differential effect appeared to be related to a first transitory phase (transitory bump of decoding power) starting at around 140 ms, which returned to baseline afterwards. This bump of activity was henceforth followed by an increase of decoding power starting around 200 ms after stimulus onset. Overall, our results suggest that rather than a simple single-process, familiarity for faces may rely on a cascade of neural processes, including a coarse and fast stage starting at 140 ms and a more refined but slower stage occurring after 200 ms. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.