Quantitation and identification of microplastics accumulation in human placental specimens using pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry.
Quantitation and identification of microplastics accumulation in human placental specimens using pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry.
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使用热解气相色谱质谱法对人胎盘样本中微塑料积累进行定量和鉴定。
DOI：
10.1093/toxsci/kfae021
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Campen,MatthewJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Garcia,MarcusA;Liu,Rui;Nihart,Alex;ElHayek,Eliane;Castillo,Eliseo;Barrozo,EnricoR;Suter,MelissaA;Bleske,Barry;Scott,Justin;Forsythe,Kyle;Gonzalez-Estrella,Jorge;Aagaard,KjerstiM;Campen,MatthewJ
全球塑料使用量的指数增长导致纳米和微塑料(NMP)污染成为一个紧迫的环境问题，因为它对人类和其他哺乳动物的健康造成了影响。我们开发了通过皂化和超速离心法从人体组织样本中提取固体物质的方法，使热解-气相色谱-质谱仪(Py-GC-MS)能够对塑料进行高度特异和定量的分析。作为基准，使用荧光显微镜和自动颗粒计数对胎盘组织样本进行了分析，这证明了>；1微米颗粒和纤维的存在，但没有纳米尺寸的塑料颗粒。用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱分析样品(n= 10)表明存在人造丝、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯和未分类的塑料颗粒。相比之下，在62个胎盘样本中，Py-GC-MS显示所有参与者的胎盘中都存在微塑料，其浓度范围很广，每克胎盘组织中含有6.5至685nmps，平均为126.8 ± 147.5 微克/g(平均值±标准差)。聚乙烯是最常见的聚合物，占总NMPs的54%，几乎所有样品中都有聚乙烯的存在(平均为68.8NMPs± 93.2NMPs/g胎盘)。聚氯乙烯和尼龙分别约占NMP重量的10%，其余26%的组成由9种其他聚合物组成。总之，这些数据显示了Py-GC-MS在识别和量化母胎界面NMP物种方面的无偏定量分辨率的进步。这种方法与临床元数据相结合，将是评估NMPs对不良妊娠结局的潜在影响的关键。
The exponential increase in global plastic usage has led to the emergence of nano- and microplastic (NMP) pollution as a pressing environmental issue due to its implications for human and other mammalian health. We have developed methodologies to extract solid materials from human tissue samples by saponification and ultracentrifugation, allowing for highly specific and quantitative analysis of plastics by pyrolysis-gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS). As a benchmark, placenta tissue samples were analyzed using fluorescence microscopy and automated particle count, which demonstrated the presence of >1-micron particles and fibers, but not nano-sized plastic particles. Analyses of the samples (n= 10) using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated presence of rayon, polystyrene, polyethylene, and unclassified plastic particles. By contrast, among 62 placenta samples, Py-GC-MS revealed that microplastics were present in all participants’ placentae, with concentrations ranging widely from 6.5 to 685 µg NMPs per gram of placental tissue, averaging 126.8 ± 147.5 µg/g (mean±SD). Polyethylene was the most prevalent polymer, accounting for 54% of total NMPs and consistently found in nearly all samples (mean 68.8 ± 93.2 µg/g placenta). Polyvinyl chloride and nylon each represented approximately 10% of the NMPs by weight, with the remaining 26% of the composition represented by 9 other polymers. Together, these data demonstrate advancements in the unbiased quantitative resolution of Py-GC-MS applied to the identification and quantification of NMP species at the maternal-fetal interface. This method, paired with clinical metadata, will be pivotal to evaluating potential impacts of NMPs on adverse pregnancy outcomes.