Setting up the target template in visual search
Setting up the target template in visual search
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DOI：
10.1167/5.1.8
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Jiang, YH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vickery, TJ;King, LW;Jiang, YH
自上而下的目标知识在视觉搜索中是必不可少的。它使视觉注意力偏向于与目标定义标准相匹配的信息。在过去的大量研究中，当目标在整个实验中被固定的标准定义时，研究了视觉搜索，很少有研究调查受试者如何设置目标。为了解决这个问题，我们使用随机多边形和真实世界的对象进行了五个实验，允许目标标准从试验到试验的变化。在每次试验中，受试者首先看到一个提示，告诉他们关于目标的信息，然后是200-1000毫秒后的搜索阵列。我们发现，当线索与目标完全匹配时，搜索速度增加，反应时集大小函数的斜率减小。在大小或方向上与精确匹配的偏差会减慢搜索速度，尽管与中性线索或语义线索相比，它们会导致更快的速度。我们的结论是，模板设置过程中使用详细的视觉信息，而不是示意图或语义信息，找到目标。
Top-down knowledge about the target is essential in visual search. It biases visual attention to information that matches the target-defining criteria. Extensive research in the past has examined visual search when the target is defined by fixed criteria throughout the experiment, with few studies investigating how subjects set up the target. To address this issue, we conducted five experiments using random polygons and real-world objects, allowing the target criteria to change from trial to trial. On each trial, subjects first see a cue informing them about the target, followed 200-1000 ms later by the search array. We find that when the cue matches the target exactly, search speed increases and the slope of response time-set size function decreases. Deviations from the exact match in size or orientation slow down search speed, although they lead to faster speed compared with a neutral cue or a semantic cue. We conclude that the template set-up process uses detailed visual information, rather than schematic or semantic information, to find the target.