Independence of age-related influences on cognitive abilities across the life span
Independence of age-related influences on cognitive abilities across the life span
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.34.5.851
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发表时间：
1998-09-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Salthouse, TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Salthouse, TA
据报道，儿童时期与年龄相关的认知增加和成年期与年龄相关的认知减少涉及各种各样的认知变量，但相对较少的研究解决了这些影响的独立性问题。在这个项目中，来自全国代表性样本的横截面寿命数据（5岁至94岁）用于建立伍德科克-约翰逊心理教育电池（R. W. Woodcock & M. B. Johnson, 1989,1990）的规范，并进行了几种类型的分析。结果表明，大多数与年龄相关的差异似乎在不同的认知变量中共享，并且可以通过高阶因子的个体差异很好地预测。这些发现表明，需要重新评估特定任务对认知发育差异的解释，以考虑到年龄对各种认知变量的影响缺乏独立性。
Age-related increases in childhood and age-related decreases in adulthood have been reported for a wide variety of cognitive variables, but relatively little research has addressed the question of the independence of these influences. In this project, cross-sectional life span data (age 5 to 94 years) from the nationally representative sample used to establish the norms for the Woodcock-Johnson Psyche-Educational Battery (R. W. Woodcock & M. B. Johnson, 1989, 1990) were subjected to several types of analyses. The results indicated that the majority of age-related differences appear to be shared across different cognitive variables and are well predicted by individual differences in higher order factors. These findings suggest that the role of task-specific interpretations of developmental differences in cognition needs to be reevaluated to take into consideration the lack of independence of age-related influences on a variety of cognitive variables.