The effects of environmental enrichment on depressive and anxiety-relevant behaviors in socially isolated prairie voles.
The effects of environmental enrichment on depressive and anxiety-relevant behaviors in socially isolated prairie voles.
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DOI：
10.1097/psy.0000000000000052
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发表时间：
2014-05
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Preihs K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grippo AJ;Ihm E;Wardwell J;McNeal N;Scotti MA;Moenk DA;Chandler DL;LaRocca MA;Preihs K
社会孤立与抑郁、焦虑和负面健康结果有关。环境丰富，包括用无生命物体进行环境和认知刺激以及体育锻炼的机会，可能是一种有效的策略，可将情感障碍作为社会孤立的功能纳入治疗范式中。在啮齿动物模型（社会一夫一妻制的草原田鼠）中，我们研究了这样的假设：社会孤立后与抑郁和焦虑相关的行为可以通过环境丰富来预防和纠正。实验1研究了环境丰富与社会隔离同时进行时对消极情感行为的预防作用。实验 2 研究了在隔离一段时间后进行丰富活动对消极情感行为的补救效果。通过 3 项操作测试来测量行为：旷场；强迫游泳测试；和高架十字迷宫。在孤立的草原田鼠中，丰富的食物可以防止抑郁（FST中的不动，群体×住房互动，P=0.049）和焦虑相关行为（开放场地探索，群体×住房互动，P=0.036；高架十字迷宫探索，群体×住房互动，P=0.049）。延迟浓缩也可以纠正离体动物的这些行为（强迫游泳测试中的不动，住房的主要影响，P = 0.001；露天探索，住房的主要影响，P = 0.047；高架十字迷宫的探索，住房的主要影响，P = 0.001），并且在纠正焦虑相关行为方面比单独的体育锻炼稍微更有效。这些发现利用社会隔离的转化啮齿动物模型，深入了解丰富的环境对抑郁和焦虑相关行为的有益影响。
Social isolation is associated with depression, anxiety and negative health outcomes. Environmental enrichment, including environmental and cognitive stimulation with inanimate objects and opportunities for physical exercise, may be an effective strategy to include in treatment paradigms for affective disorders as a function of social isolation. In a rodent model – the socially monogamous prairie vole – we investigated the hypothesis that depression- and anxiety-related behaviors following social isolation would be prevented and remediated with environmental enrichment. Experiment 1 investigated the preventive effects of environmental enrichment on negative affective behaviors when administered concurrently with social isolation. Experiment 2 investigated the remediating effects of enrichment on negative affective behaviors when administered following a period of isolation. Behaviors were measured in 3 operational tests: open field; forced swim test; and elevated plus maze. In isolated prairie voles, enrichment prevented depression- (immobility in FST, group × housing interaction, P=0.049) and anxiety-relevant behaviors (exploration in open field, group × housing interaction, P=0.036; exploration in elevated plus maze, group × housing interaction, P=0.049). Delayed enrichment also remediated these behaviors in isolated animals (immobility in forced swim test, main effect of housing, P=0.001; exploration in open field, main effect of housing, P=0.047; exploration in elevated plus maze, main effect of housing, P=0.001), and was slightly more effective than physical exercise alone in remediating anxiety-relevant behaviors. These findings provide insight into the beneficial effects of an enriched environment on depression- and anxiety-relevant behaviors using a translational rodent model of social isolation.