Reversing the Gun Sights: Transnational Civil Society Targets Land Mines
Reversing the Gun Sights: Transnational Civil Society Targets Land Mines
复制标题
扭转枪口瞄准点：跨国民间社会瞄准地雷
DOI：
10.1162/002081898550671
复制
发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
R. Price
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Price
非国家行为者在世界政治中产生新规范的重要性的上升已经被学者记录在案，但文献主要集中在非安全（“新”）问题领域。相反，尽管最近国际关系中的建构主义工作研究了国家的安全政策，但通常是国家在进行利益的建构。我桥这两个文献通过检查跨国民间社会的工作，通过问题网络，教导国家利益的安全政策的硬案例。我分析了跨国民间社会的运动，以产生一个禁止杀伤人员地雷的国际规范，并跟踪几种技术的影响，通过这些技术，国家可以说是社会化。通过产生问题、建立网络、“嫁接”以及使用跨国苏格拉底方法来扭转举证责任，该运动通过两个过程刺激了系统性规范变革：通过说服道德企业家的转变来采用规范，以及来自社会压力的效仿。身份。
The rise in the importance of nonstate actors in generating new norms in world politics has been documented by scholars, but the literature has focused predominantly on nonsecurity (“new”) issue areas. Conversely, although recent constructivist work in international relations has examined the security policies of states, typically it is the state that is doing the constructing of interests. I bridge these two literatures by examining the hard case of transnational civil society working through issue networks to teach state interests in security policy. I analyze the campaign by transnational civil society to generate an international norm prohibiting antipersonnel land mines and trace the effects of several techniques through which states can be said to be socialized. Through generating issues, networking, “grafting,” and using a transnational Socratic method to reverse burdens of proof, the campaign has stimulated systemic normative change through two processes: norm adoption through the conversion of persuaded moral entrepreneurs and emulation resulting from social pressures of identity.