Exposure to Stigma Elicits Negative Affect and Alcohol Craving Among Young Adult Sexual Minority Heavy Drinkers.
Exposure to Stigma Elicits Negative Affect and Alcohol Craving Among Young Adult Sexual Minority Heavy Drinkers.
复制标题
暴露在耻辱感中会导致年轻的性少数重度饮酒者产生负面影响和对酒精的渴望。
DOI：
10.1111/acer.14055
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
MirandaJr,Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mereish,EthanH;MirandaJr,Robert
背景酒精使用障碍（AUD）中的性取向差异被认为是由性少数群体特有的耻辱来解释的。尽管负面情感和渴望对成瘾很重要，但研究尚未测试耻辱对性少数群体中情感和酒精渴望的影响。这项实验室研究考察了 3 种新的情绪诱导（耻辱、一般不愉快和中性）对酗酒的性少数年轻人的情感和酒精渴望的影响。我们还将这些情绪诱导与既定的酒精提示反应范式配对，以探索耻辱对提示引起的渴望的影响。方法从社区招募年龄 18 至 27 岁的性少数参与者（N = 20；55% 女性）（M = 21.80，标准差 = 2.65）。参与者完成了 3 项情绪诱导和线索反应试验，在不同日期的 3 次访问中进行平衡：耻辱、一般不愉快和中性情绪诱导。结构化访谈评估了 DSM-5 AUD 的标准，自我报告措施评估了终生不良经历。结果大多数参与者符合过去一年 AUD 的标准（75%）。与中性和一般的不愉快情绪诱导条件相比，接触耻辱会产生更多的负面影响和更大的酒精渴望。一般不愉快的情绪诱导并不能预测比中性情绪诱导更强烈的酒精渴望。与一般不愉快的情绪状况相比，通过单项渴望测量来测量，耻辱增强了酒精暗示反应效应，并且在控制协变量的情况下，这种效应仍然显着。结论研究结果首次证明了耻辱如何独特地预测性少数群体中的负面情绪和酒精渴望。这项研究表明，暴露于耻辱，特别是异性恋歧视，会引起酗酒的性少数年轻人的负面情绪和对酒精的渴望。
BackgroundSexual orientation disparities in alcohol use disorder (AUD) are thought to be explained by stigma specific to sexual minorities. Despite the importance of negative affect and craving in addiction, research has yet to test the effects of stigma on affect and alcohol craving among sexual minorities. This laboratory study examined the effects of 3 novel mood inductions (stigma, general unpleasant, and neutral) on affect and alcohol craving among heavy‐drinking sexual minority young adults. We also paired these mood inductions with an established alcohol cue reactivity paradigm to explore the effects of stigma on cue‐elicited craving.MethodsSexual minority participants (N= 20; 55% female), aged 18 to 27 years (M= 21.80, standard deviation = 2.65), were recruited from the community. Participants completed 3 mood induction and cue reactivity trials counterbalanced over 3 visits on different days: stigma, general unpleasant, and neutral mood inductions. A structured interview assessed criteria for DSM‐5 AUD, and self‐report measures assessed lifetime adverse experiences.ResultsMost participants met criteria for past‐year AUD (75%). Exposure to stigma produced more negative affect and greater alcohol craving than the neutral and general unpleasant mood induction conditions. The general unpleasant mood induction did not predict greater alcohol craving than the neutral mood induction. Stigma enhanced alcohol cue reactivity effects, as measured with a single‐item craving measure, compared to the general unpleasant mood condition, and this effect remained significant while controlling for covariates.ConclusionsFindings are the first to demonstrate how stigma uniquely predicts negative affect and alcohol craving among sexual minorities. This study suggests that being exposed to stigma, specifically heterosexism, elicits negative mood and alcohol craving among sexual minority young adults who are heavy drinkers.