THE ONTOGENY OF BEHAVIOR IN PORTIA-FIMBRIATA, PORTIA-LABIATA AND PORTIA-SCHULTZI, WEB-BUILDING JUMPING SPIDERS (ARANEAE, SALTICIDAE)
THE ONTOGENY OF BEHAVIOR IN PORTIA-FIMBRIATA, PORTIA-LABIATA AND PORTIA-SCHULTZI, WEB-BUILDING JUMPING SPIDERS (ARANEAE, SALTICIDAE)
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7998.1988.tb04897.x
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发表时间：
1988-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
HALLAS, SEA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HALLAS, SEA
本文研究了3种原始造网蛛（Portia fibriata， P. labiata和P. schultzi）的行为个体发生，探讨了它们成虫行为的种间差异和行为发育的遗传基础。饲养一组幼年波西亚以确定其正常的行为发展过程。第二组受到实验操纵，剥夺了他们与关键行为表现相关的具体经验：网络建设；在侵略性模仿中使用振动行为的噬蛛的特定模式；外来网中猎物（昆虫）的盗寄生；还有噬卵（以其他蜘蛛的卵为食）。在特定关键行为方面幼稚的蜘蛛被测试为第三个阶段。从孵化到成熟，幼鱼的行为一直是被调查的，它们的行为是特定于物种的，但有以下例外：1龄和2龄的雄鱼不会把树叶变成大型的2型网，亚成年雄鱼根本不会形成2型网。即使没有接触过特定类型猎物的经验，幼鱼在第一次接触猎物时也会表现出与猎物相适应的行为。因此，行为模式就像形态学一样，在生物进化的讨论中具有潜在的价值。结果普遍支持Jackson和Blest的假设，即Portia更像祖先的salticids，而不是典型的cursorial salticids。
The ontogeny of behaviour of three species of primitive, web-building salticids, Portia fimbriata, P. labiata and P. schultzi, was studied to investigate the genetic basis for interspecific differences in adult behaviour and the development of the behaviour of these species. One set of juvenile Portia was reared to determine the normal course of behavioural development. A second was subjected to experimental manipulations which deprived them of specific experiences relevant to the performance of key behaviours: web building; a specific pattern of araneophagy using vibratory behaviours in aggressive mimicry; kleptoparasitism of prey items (insects) from alien webs; and oophagy (feeding on eggs of other spiders). Spiders that were naive with respect to specific key behaviours were tested as third instars. Juveniles consistently performed behaviours under investigation and their repertories were species-specific from hatching to maturity with these exceptions: first and second instars did not raise leaves into their large Type 2 webs, and subadult males did not build Type 2 webs at all. Even when deprived of experience with a particular type of prey, juveniles performed behaviours appropriate to the prey when presented with them for the first time. Behaviour patterns are, therefore, like morphology in that they are potentially valuable in discussions of salticid evolution. Results are generally supportive of the Jackson and Blest hypothesis in which Portia is more like ancestral salticids than typical cursorial salticids.