Landscape matrix and species traits mediate responses of Neotropical resident birds to forest fragmentation in Jamaica
Landscape matrix and species traits mediate responses of Neotropical resident birds to forest fragmentation in Jamaica
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DOI：
10.1890/09-0904.1
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Neel, Maile C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kennedy, Christina M.;Marra, Peter P.;Neel, Maile C.
分散的栖息地周围的土地覆盖和土地利用可以通过改变资源可用性、边缘效应或个体在整个景观中的移动来极大地影响物种的持续性。尽管景观矩阵的潜在重要性，生态学家仍然有有限的了解不同类型的土地覆盖和土地利用的物种模式和自然系统中的过程的相对影响。在这里，我们调查是否新热带区的石灰岩森林斑块的居民鸟类群落不同，如果他们被嵌入在三个不同的人类主导的矩阵类型（农业，城市周边发展，铝土矿开采）相对于连续的森林在牙买加中部的网站。我们发现，物种丰富度，社区组成和丰度是矩阵依赖，农业景观支持更大的鸟类多样性和更完整的社区组合比笔城市或铝土矿景观。近70%的物种分布在不同景观基质类型的森林中存在差异。与资源利用相关的特征最能预测物种的反应，包括饮食公会，巢高，栖息地协会和觅食层。食虫动物，食果动物，冠层筑巢，林下和冠层觅食，森林限制的物种很少观察到在基质栖息地的森林片段嵌入在人类占主导地位的矩阵类型比连续森林的丰度较低。相比之下，蜜源动物，杂食动物，granivores，地面和多层巢，地面觅食，并经常在矩阵栖息地的物种最不敏感的森林片断化。结果表明，结构，组成，和土地利用干扰制度在矩阵领域的影响整体生境质量的景观，潜在的调解资源的可用性内以及外森林栖息地。这项研究加强了区分土地覆盖和土地利用的碎片化研究的重要性，并提供支持的假设，资源的可用性可能是一个主要因素驱动新热带区鸟类的反应碎片化。
Land cover and land use surrounding, fragmented habitat can greatly impact species persistence by altering resource availability, edge effects, or the movement of individuals throughout a landscape. Despite the potential importance of the landscape matrix, ecologists still have limited understanding of the relative effects of different types of land cover and land uses on species patterns and processes in natural systems. Here we investigated whether Neotropical resident bird communities in limestone forest patches differed if they were embedded in three different human-dominated matrix types (agriculture, pert-urban development, and bauxite mining) relative to sites in continuous forest in central Jamaica. We found that species richness, community composition, and abundances were matrix-dependent, with agricultural landscapes supporting greater avian diversity and more intact community assemblages than either pen-urban or bauxite landscapes. Abundance of almost 70% of species differed in forest embedded in the different landscape matrix types. Traits related to resource use best predicted species responses, including diet guild, nest height, habitat association, and foraging strata. Insectivores, frugivores, canopy nesters, understory and canopy foragers, and forest-restricted species rarely observed in matrix habitats had lower abundances in forest fragments embedded in human-dominated matrix types than in continuous forest. In contrast, nectarivores, omnivores, granivores, ground and multi-strata nesters, ground foragers, and species regularly in matrix habitats were least sensitive to forest fragmentation. Results suggest that structure, composition, and land use disturbance regimes in matrix areas impact overall habitat quality in landscapes by potentially mediating resource availability inside as well as outside forest habitat. This study reinforces the importance of differentiating among land cover and land uses in fragmentation research and lends support to the hypothesis that resource availability may be a primary factor driving Neotropical bird responses to fragmentation.