From Modal Particle to Interrogative Marker : A Study of German 'denn'
From Modal Particle to Interrogative Marker : A Study of German 'denn'
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从情态助词到疑问标记:德语“denn”的研究
DOI：
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199746736.003.0001
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Josef Bayer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Josef Bayer
德语小品词denn（源自古高地德语时态thanne，“然后”，与英语有关。then和德语dann，“then”）是连接词或所谓的语气词（MP），有时也称为“话语词”。这里只对后一种用法感兴趣。Denn作为MP在其核心出现中仅限于V1根问句和V2疑问句。它在该类型的子句中的出现是可选的。它的出现大致表明说话者关心他或她的问题将引出的答案。本文最后一部分重点讨论的巴伐利亚方言不使用词汇成分denn，而是使用附着词形式-n（似乎与denn有关）。这一clitic元素是有趣的，因为它结合了两个显着的属性，使其区别于denn。第一节阐述了指称的语篇功能。第二节是本文的中心部分，主要介绍了名词的句法结构。第三节探讨了德语德语“代恩”在巴伐利亚语中的命运。第4节给出了结论。
The German particle denn (from Old High German temporal thanne, “then”, and related to Engl. then and German dann, “then”) is either a conjunctive or a so-called modal particle (MP), occasionally also called “discourse particle”. Only the latter use will be of interest here. Denn as an MP is in its core occurrences confined to root V1-questions and V2 wh-questions. Its occurrence in clauses of that type is optional. Its occurrence roughly signals that the speaker is concerned about the answer that his or her question will elicit. The Bavarian dialects which will be in the focus of the final part of this article do not employ the lexical element denn but rather the clitic form -n (which appears to be related to denn). This clitic element is interesting as it combines two remarkable properties that distinguish it from denn. Section 1 explains the discourse function of denn. Section 2, the central part, introduces the syntax of denn. Section 3 turns to the fate of denn in Bavarian. A conclusion is given in section 4.