Fifty Years of Family Change: From Consensus to Complexity
Fifty Years of Family Change: From Consensus to Complexity
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DOI：
10.1177/0002716214524521
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Furstenberg, Frank F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Furstenberg, Frank F.
文章的第一部分讨论了我们是如何以及为什么从上世纪中叶一个相对无差别的家庭系统发展到目前多样化的家庭形式系统的。即使承认家庭制度从来都不像现在看来的那么简单，但毫无疑问，我们在20世纪60年代末开始偏离核心家庭家庭的主导模式。我解释了变化是个人和家庭成员适应不断变化的经济、人口、技术和文化条件的结果。在我看来，基于性别的劳动分工的崩溃是主要的推动者。文章的第二部分认为美国家庭的复杂性很大程度上是阶层分化的产物。我展示了与低人力资本相关的家庭形成过程如何随着时间的推移在家庭系统中产生复杂性，这种情况可能会因不平等程度的增加而加剧。本文的最后一部分简要考察了不断变化的全球背景下的复杂性。我提出的问题是，在不同的经济发达国家，由于不同的家庭形成做法和不同程度的不平等，复杂性是如何变化的。
The first section of the article discusses how and why we went from a relatively undifferentiated family system in the middle of the last century to the current system of diverse family forms. Even conceding that the family system was always less simple than it now appears in hindsight, there is little doubt that we began to depart from the dominant model of the nuclear-family household in the late 1960s. I explain how change is a result of adaptation by individuals and family members to changing economic, demographic, technological, and cultural conditions. The breakdown of the gender-based division of labor was the prime mover in my view. Part two of the article thinks about family complexity in the United States as largely a product of growing stratification. I show how family formation processes associated with low human capital produces complexity over time in family systems, a condition that may be amplified by growing levels of inequality. The last part of the article briefly examines complexity in a changing global context. I raise the question of how complexity varies among economically developed nations with different family formation practices and varying levels of inequality.