Animal Models of Atrial Fibrillation
Animal Models of Atrial Fibrillation
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DOI：
10.1161/circresaha.120.316366
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发表时间：
2020-06-19
影响因子：
20.1
通讯作者：
Hucker, William J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schuettler, Dominik;Bapat, Aneesh;Hucker, William J.
房颤是人类最常见的持续性心律失常，也是发病率和死亡率的重要来源。尽管它很普遍，但我们对其机制的理解是不完整的，治疗方案的疗效有限，而且往往充满风险。为了开辟新的治疗途径，需要对房颤有更好的生物学理解。虽然“自然”房颤在大多数物种中几乎不存在，但动物模型对我们对房颤的理解和一些治疗方案做出了重大贡献。然而，动物模型的障碍也是显而易见的，很大程度上源于基本生理学的差异以及人类房颤的复杂性；这些都排除了创建“完美的”动物模型的可能性，并排除了动物研究结果的翻译。在这里，我们回顾了大量可用的房颤模型，从小鼠心脏(重量是人心脏的千分之一)到马心脏(比人心脏重10倍)。我们试图强调每个模型的特点，这些特点对我们理解房颤有价值，但也有缺点和陷阱。最后，我们借用了企业界的SWOT分析(代表优势、劣势、机会和威胁)的概念，并将这种自省类型的分析应用于AF的动物模型。我们确定了未得到满足的需求，并强调在快速发展的技术背景下，这些为未来动物模型的使用提供了机会。
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia encountered in humans and is a significant source of morbidity and mortality. Despite its prevalence, our mechanistic understanding is incomplete, the therapeutic options have limited efficacy, and are often fraught with risks. A better biological understanding of AF is needed to spearhead novel therapeutic avenues. Although "natural" AF is nearly nonexistent in most species, animal models have contributed significantly to our understanding of AF and some therapeutic options. However, the impediments of animal models are also apparent and stem largely from the differences in basic physiology as well as the complexities underlying human AF; these preclude the creation of a "perfect" animal model and have obviated the translation of animal findings. Herein, we review the vast array of AF models available, spanning the mouse heart (weighing 1/1000th of a human heart) to the horse heart (10x heavier than the human heart). We attempt to highlight the features of each model that bring value to our understanding of AF but also the shortcomings and pitfalls. Finally, we borrowed the concept of a SWOT analysis from the business community (which stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) and applied this introspective type of analysis to animal models for AF. We identify unmet needs and stress that is in the context of rapidly advancing technologies, these present opportunities for the future use of animal models.