The Use of Crowdsourcing in Addiction Science Research: Amazon Mechanical Turk
The Use of Crowdsourcing in Addiction Science Research: Amazon Mechanical Turk
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DOI：
10.1037/pha0000235
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Stoops, William W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Strickland, Justin C.;Stoops, William W.
众包，即利用互联网将工作外包给大量的人，在过去十年中有了急剧的增长。一个流行的众包选项，亚马逊土耳其机器人（MTurk），现在通常用于心理研究的参与者样本。成瘾科学定位于从众包采样中受益匪浅，因为它能够有效地利用具有特定行为和健康史的人群。本次审查的主要目标是广泛描述众包的效用，具体来说，MTurk，用于进行与药物使用和滥用有关的研究。心理学和其他健康科学方面的研究支持通过众包样本收集的数据的可靠性和有效性。还进行了与成瘾科学有关的有前途的研究，包括使用横截面设计的研究和用于测量开发目的的研究。使用纵向方法和干预措施开发的初步工作也揭示了MTurk通过这些设计研究酒精和其他药物使用的潜力。需要进行更多的研究，以更好地了解通过众包在线平台进行研究的好处以及局限性和制约因素。众包，如MTurk，最终可以为人类实验室，临床试验，社区干预和流行病学研究中使用的现有方法提供重要补充。这些方法的组合可以帮助提高成瘾科学研究的严谨性，可重复性和整体范围。
Crowdsourcing, the use of the Internet to outsource work to a large number of people, has witnessed a dramatic growth over the past decade. One popular crowdsourcing option, Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), is now commonly used to sample participants for psychological research. Addiction science is positioned to benefit greatly from crowdsourced sampling due to the ability to efficiently and effectively tap into populations with specific behavioral and health histories. The primary objective of this review is to describe the utility of crowdsourcing, broadly, and MTurk, specifically, for conducting research relevant to substance use and misuse. Studies in psychological and other health science have supported the reliability and validity of data gathered using crowdsourced samples. Promising research relevant to addiction science has also been conducted, including studies using cross-sectional designs and those for measure development purposes. Preliminary work using longitudinal methods and for interventions development has also revealed the potential of MTurk for studying alcohol and other drug use through these designs. Additional studies are needed to better understand the benefits, as well as the limits and constraints, of research conducted through crowdsourced online platforms. Crowdsourcing, such as on MTurk, can ultimately provide an important complement to existing methods used in human laboratory, clinical trial, community intervention, and epidemiological research. The combinations of these methodological approaches could help improve the rigor, reproducibility, and overall scope of research conducted in addiction science.