Turbulence in vertical axis wind turbine canopies
Turbulence in vertical axis wind turbine canopies
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DOI：
10.1063/1.4935111
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Dabiri, John O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kinzel, Matthias;Araya, Daniel B.;Dabiri, John O.
三个不同的全尺寸阵列的垂直轴风力发电机（VAWTs）在自然风条件下的实验结果。整个涡轮机阵列的风速测量使用便携式气象塔与七个，垂直交错，三分量超声波风速计。同时记录每个涡轮机的功率输出。不同涡轮机阵列尺寸的水平和垂直能量传输之间的比较显示了垂直传输对于大型阵列配置的重要性。象限孔分析，以获得一个更好的理解的垂直能量传输的VAWT阵列的顶部。结果表明，VAWT阵列中的流动与冠层调节区域之间存在显着的相似性。也就是说，在涡轮机阵列内部发生喷射和扫掠的增加以及向内和向外相互作用的减少。喷射是最大的贡献者，这与有关不断变化和稀疏冠层流的文献一致。涡轮机阵列尺寸对下游涡轮机的功率输出的影响进行了检查，通过比较四个单个涡轮机的流向行与九个涡轮机对的正方形阵列。结果表明，随着气流适应新的粗糙度长度，在较大的涡轮机阵列顶部形成了新的边界层。这增加了在涡轮机阵列的整个平面形状区域上的湍流能量传输。相比之下，对于四个单涡轮机，由于湍流波动引起的垂直能量传输仅在涡轮机的近尾流中增加。这些发现增加了涡轮机阵列中能量传输的知识，从而优化了风电场中的涡轮机间距。(C)2015 AIP Publishing LLC.
Experimental results from three different full scale arrays of vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) under natural wind conditions are presented. The wind velocities throughout the turbine arrays are measured using a portable meteorological tower with seven, vertically staggered, three-component ultrasonic anemometers. The power output of each turbine is recorded simultaneously. The comparison between the horizontal and vertical energy transport for the different turbine array sizes shows the importance of vertical transport for large array configurations. Quadrant-hole analysis is employed to gain a better understanding of the vertical energy transport at the top of the VAWT arrays. The results show a striking similarity between the flows in the VAWT arrays and the adjustment region of canopies. Namely, an increase in ejections and sweeps and decrease in inward and outward interactions occur inside the turbine array. Ejections are the strongest contributor, which is in agreement with the literature on evolving and sparse canopy flows. The influence of the turbine array size on the power output of the downstream turbines is examined by comparing a streamwise row of four single turbines with square arrays of nine turbine pairs. The results suggest that a new boundary layer forms on top of the larger turbine arrays as the flow adjusts to the new roughness length. This increases the turbulent energy transport over the whole planform area of the turbine array. By contrast, for the four single turbines, the vertical energy transport due to turbulent fluctuations is only increased in the near wake of the turbines. These findings add to the knowledge of energy transport in turbine arrays and therefore the optimization of the turbine spacing in wind farms. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.