Decision-making in everyday moral conflict situations: Development and validation of a new measure
Decision-making in everyday moral conflict situations: Development and validation of a new measure
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0214747
复制
发表时间：
2019-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nina Singer;L. Kreuzpointner;M. Sommer;S. Wüst;B. Kudielka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nina Singer;L. Kreuzpointner;M. Sommer;S. Wüst;B. Kudielka
在日常生活中，我们经常面临道德冲突的社交场合。因此，本研究的主要目标是开发和验证一种新的测量方法来评估日常道德冲突情况下的决策。所有的小插曲都需要在利他主义和利己主义的行为反应选择之间做出决定。在三个独立的调查(N=200)中，我们开发了一种40个项目的测量方法，具有较好的利他主义决策的平均比率(研究1)、利他和利己反应类别的明确代表(研究2)、社会亲密度分类的明确(研究1和研究2)以及与现实评分的高度相似性(研究1和研究2)。此外，我们开发了两个平行的项目集，以供将来在受试者内设计研究中使用，并调查了我们新量表的测量特性(研究1和3)。Rasch模型分析和经典检验理论拟合指数的结果显示出单维性，证实了将试题分成两个平行试题集的合理性。值得注意的是，在我们的数据中，社会亲密度和性别对利他主义决定的百分比没有影响。综上所述，我们提出了日常道德冲突情境量表(EMCS)作为一种有前景的新的测量工具，由于其广泛的适用性，可能会促进在不同研究领域的进一步研究。
In everyday life, we are often confronted with morally conflicting social interaction situations. Therefore, the main objective of the present set of studies was the development and validation of a new measure to assess decision-making in everyday moral conflict situations. All vignettes required a decision between an altruistic versus an egoistic behavioral response alternative. In three independent surveys (N = 200), we developed a 40-items measure with preferable mean rates of altruistic decisions (Study 1), clear representation of altruistic and egoistic response classes (Study 2), unambiguousness of social closeness classifications (socially close vs. socially distant protagonists; Studies 1 and 2), and high similarity to reality ratings (Studies 1 and 2). Additionally, we developed two parallelized item sets for future use in within-subjects design studies and investigated the measurement properties of our new scale (Studies 1 and 3). Results of Rasch model analyses and classical test theory fit indices showed unidimensionality and confirmed the appropriateness of the fragmentation into two parallelized item sets. Notably, in our data, there were neither effects of social closeness nor gender on the percentage of altruistic decisions. In sum, we propose the Everyday Moral Conflict Situations (EMCS) Scale as a promising new measurement tool that may facilitate further research in different research areas due to its broad applicability.