Adaptive plasticity in motor cortex: Implications for rehabilitation after brain injury
Adaptive plasticity in motor cortex: Implications for rehabilitation after brain injury
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/16501960310010070
复制
发表时间：
2003-05-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Nudo, RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nudo, RJ
现在广泛认识到，成年人类和非人类哺乳动物的大脑皮层能够具有广泛的功能和结构可塑性。在学习新技能的过程中，与最常用于技能任务的身体部位的感觉运动功能相关的皮层区域在更大的皮层区域上表现出来。最近的研究表明，受伤后大脑皮层会发生功能和结构变化，例如中风或创伤后发生的变化。这两个皮质功能的调节器，感觉运动学习和皮质损伤，相互作用。因此，在皮层损伤后，大脑未受损部分的结构和功能在恢复期间被重塑，由个体在损伤后数周至数月的感觉运动经历塑造。这些最新的神经科学研究结果表明，新的康复干预措施，包括物理治疗和药物治疗，可能通过调节神经可塑性机制而受益。
It is now widely recognized that the cerebral cortex of adult human and non-human mammals is capable of widespread functional and structural plasticity. During the learning of new skills, cortical regions associated with sensorimotor function of the body parts most utilized for the skilled task come to be represented over larger cortical territories. More recent studies have shown that functional and structural changes take place in the cerebral cortex after injury, such as occurs after stroke or trauma. These two modulators of cortical function, sensorimotor learning and cortical injury, interact. Thus, after cortical injury, the structure and function of undamaged parts of the brain are remodeled during recovery, shaped by the sensorimotor experiences of the individual in the weeks to months following injury. These recent neuroscientific findings suggest that new rehabilitative interventions, both physiotherapeutic and pharmacotherapeutic, may have benefit via modulation of neuroplastic mechanisms.