Effects of site and plant species on rhizosphere community structure as revealed by molecular analysis of microbial guilds
Effects of site and plant species on rhizosphere community structure as revealed by molecular analysis of microbial guilds
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1574-6941.2005.00026.x
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发表时间：
2006-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Smalla, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Costa, R;Götz, M;Smalla, K
草莓(Fragaria ananassa Duch.)和油菜(Brassica napus L.)用分子指纹进行了分析。我们的目的是确定植物种类和采样点对根际不同微生物群落结构的影响程度。连续两年从德国三个地点的土壤和根际土壤中提取总群落DNA。用细菌、真菌和群特异性(α蛋白细菌、β蛋白细菌和放线杆菌)引物从群落DNA中扩增16S rRNA和18S rRNA基因片段，然后进行变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)分析。土壤DNA的细菌指纹图谱显示大量同样丰富的微弱条带，而根际指纹图谱显示出较高比例的优势条带和较低的丰富度，这表明细菌种群在该环境中的选择。通过细菌和组特异性DGGE图谱检测了根际的植物专一性。每个采样点都显示了不同的土壤群落指纹。植物种类是在两年中不同地点草莓根际形成相似放线菌群落的决定性因素。真菌在土壤和根际重复体内的DGGE谱具有较高的异质性。也可以检测到根际真菌群落的植物特有成分，但不是所有情况下都是如此。从Rostock站点细菌图谱中检测到的优势DGGE条带中获得的16S rRNA基因片段的克隆和序列分析表明，链霉菌sp.和根瘤菌(Rhizobium sp.)是草莓根际的优势核型，节杆菌属(Arthrobacter sp.)与油菜细菌指纹图谱中的优势条带相对应。
The bacterial and fungal rhizosphere communities of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) and oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) were analysed using molecular fingerprints. We aimed to determine to what extent the structure of different microbial groups in the rhizosphere is influenced by plant species and sampling site. Total community DNA was extracted from bulk and rhizosphere soil taken from three sites in Germany in two consecutive years. Bacterial, fungal and group-specific (Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria) primers were used to PCR-amplify 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA gene fragments from community DNA prior to denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis. Bacterial fingerprints of soil DNA revealed a high number of equally abundant faint bands, while rhizosphere fingerprints displayed a higher proportion of dominant bands and reduced richness, suggesting selection of bacterial populations in this environment. Plant specificity was detected in the rhizosphere by bacterial and group-specific DGGE profiles. Different bulk soil community fingerprints were revealed for each sampling site. The plant species was a determinant factor in shaping similar actinobacterial communities in the strawberry rhizosphere from different sites in both years. Higher heterogeneity of DGGE profiles within soil and rhizosphere replicates was observed for the fungi. Plant-specific composition of fungal communities in the rhizosphere could also be detected, but not in all cases. Cloning and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments obtained from dominant DGGE bands detected in the bacterial profiles of the Rostock site revealed that Streptomyces sp. and Rhizobium sp. were among the dominant ribotypes in the strawberry rhizosphere, while sequences from Arthrobacter sp. corresponded to dominant bands from oilseed rape bacterial fingerprints.