INTRANEURAL MICROSTIMULATION IN MAN - ITS RELATION TO SPECIFICITY OF TACTILE SENSATIONS
INTRANEURAL MICROSTIMULATION IN MAN - ITS RELATION TO SPECIFICITY OF TACTILE SENSATIONS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/brain/110.6.1509
复制
发表时间：
1987-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
OCHOA, JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
TOREBJORK, HE;VALLBO, AB;OCHOA, JL
本文综述了近年来有关皮肤机械感受的知识进展和争议。特别是，根据新的实验方法，即微神经摄影和从人类无毛皮肤中识别的触觉单元的微刺激，讨论了感知特异性的问题。还提供了其他数据。我们的结论是，人类的大脑有一种精妙的能力，可以检测、定位、描绘和分类来自手部无毛皮肤中单个触觉单元输入的感觉。手部低阈值机械感受器的生理特异性，在之前的研究中已经有了很好的记录，现在可以与非常简单的触觉的不同属性联系起来，当通过神经内微电极电刺激单个传入时，受试者报告的触觉。这一结论与大脑通常利用来自大量不同类型受体的脉冲的时间和空间模式来形成更复杂的触觉感知（如纹理识别）的概念并不冲突，但微刺激数据表明，特定的神经脉冲模式并不是简单触觉主观质量属性的必要决定因素。相反，在单个传入单元中，由一系列脉冲引起的感觉在许多方面是非常不同的，并且具有很好的特征。进一步的结论是，传入输入在触觉子系统中被不同地处理。在将一个系统的结果概括为感觉模态起源的共同理论时，这一观察结果值得谨慎。
Recent advances in knowledge, and controversy, concerning cutaneous mechanoreception are reviewed. In particular, the question ofperceptive specificityis discussed in the light of new experimental approaches, namely microneurography and microstimulation of identified tactile units from the glabrous skin of the human hand. Additional data are also presented. It is concluded that the human brain has an exquisite capacity to detect, localize, delineate, and classify sensations from the input of individual tactile units in the glabrous skin of the hand. The physiological specificity of lowthreshold mechanoreceptors in the hand, which has been well documented in previous studies, can now be linked to distinct attributes of very simple tactile sensations which subjects report when a single afferent is stimulated electrically through an intraneural microelectrode.This conclusion does not conflict with the concept that the brain normally makes use of temporal and spatial patterns of impulses from a large number of receptors of various types to form more complex tactile percepts, such as in the recognition of texture, but the microstimulation data demonstrate that particular patterns of nerve impulses are not a necessary determinant of the subjective quality attribute of a simple tactile sensation. On the contrary, the sensations elicited by a train of impulses in a single afferent unit are remarkably distinct and well characterized in a number of respects. A further conclusion is that the afferent inputs are processed differently in tactile subsystems. This observation warrants caution in generalizing results from one system into a common theory of the origin of sensory modality.