Origin and geographical characteristics of ponds in a high mountain region of central Japan.
Origin and geographical characteristics of ponds in a high mountain region of central Japan.
复制标题
日本中部高山地区池塘的起源和地理特征。
DOI：
10.1007/s10201-014-0444-1
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Sadao Takaoka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hayakawa;Yuichi S.;Shigekazu Kusumoto;and Nobuhisa Matta.;大内俊二;Sadao Takaoka
本研究探讨了日本中部高山和亚高山地区地形在池塘形成中的作用。山上池塘大于约。通过对立体配对航空照片的解释检测到 50 平方米，并在超过 2000 米（海平面以上）的区域绘制地图。在 1347 平方公里的研究区内，绘制的池塘总数为 304 个。体动地貌是池塘盆地的主要场所，占总数的66.5%； 65 个池塘分布在山脊下坡位移体的洼地中，137 个池塘分布在主脊线状洼地中。这些池塘经常出现在研究区域积雪最多的地区，尽管地质环境也会影响池塘的形成。第二和第三主要池塘地貌类型是火山地貌和冰川地貌，分别占所有池塘的 16.8% 和 15.8%。这些地图池塘中近 90% 的面积小于 1000 平方米。池塘的大小分布因来源类型而异。与冰川和冰缘地貌相比，大规模运动地貌的池塘尺寸范围更大，包括小型（<1000 m2）和中型（1000–6000 m2）。火山地貌拥有最大的池塘，有时超过 10,000 平方米。冰川地貌上的池塘海拔较高，冰川后的年龄可能一致，而其他地貌类型可以出现在任何海拔，并且年龄范围可能很广。滑坡池塘可能比其他地貌的池塘为水生物种提供更好的栖息地，因为它们不受火山池塘的强酸性条件或冰川地貌池塘较长的积雪期的影响。
This study examines the role of landforms in pond formation in alpine and subalpine regions of central Japan. Mountain ponds larger than ca. 50 m2were detected by interpretation of stereo-paired aerial photographs, and mapped in areas over 2000 m (above sea level). The mapped ponds totaled 304 in the 1347 km2study area. Mass movement landforms are the major sites of pond basins, comprising 66.5 % of the total number; 65 ponds occur in depressions in displaced masses downslope of ridges, and 137 occur in linear depressions along main ridges. These ponds occur frequently in the snowiest parts of the study area, although geological setting also affects pond formation. The second and third major types of landforms with ponds are of volcanic and glacial origins, accounting for 16.8 and 15.8 % of all ponds, respectively. Nearly 90 % of these mapped ponds have an area smaller than 1000 m2. The size distribution of ponds varies with origin type. Mass movement landforms have a greater range of pond sizes, including both small (<1000 m2) and medium (1000–6000 m2), than do glacial and periglacial landforms. Volcanic landforms have the largest ponds, which exceed 10,000 m2in some cases. Ponds on glacial landforms are at higher elevations and may be of uniform age post-glaciation, while other landform types can occur at any elevation and may span a wide range of ages. Landslide ponds may provide better habitats for aquatic species than those originating from other landforms, because they are not subject to the strong acid conditions of volcanic ponds or the longer snow-covered period of ponds on glacial landforms.