Passive Motor Learning: Oculomotor Adaptation in the Absence of Behavioral Errors
Passive Motor Learning: Oculomotor Adaptation in the Absence of Behavioral Errors
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DOI：
10.1523/eneuro.0232-20.2020
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Joshua, Mati
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cain, Matan;Botschko, Yehudit;Joshua, Mati
运动适应通常被认为是一个试错过程，其中运动的准确性随着行为的重复而提高。我们通过测试错误的运动是否是运动适应所必需的来挑战这一观点。在眼睛运动系统中，运动和错误之间的关联可以被解开，因为即使没有运动，预测的刺激轨迹中的错误也可以被感知。我们修改了一个平稳的追求眼动适应范式，猴子学习，使眼动预测即将到来的变化目标方向。我们训练猴子注视一个目标，同时秘密地，一个额外的目标最初朝一个方向移动，然后在250毫秒后改变方向。这些猴子对不频繁的探测试验表现出了学习反应，在这些试验中，它们被指示跟随移动的目标。其他实验证实，探究学习或注视期间的剩余眼球运动不会驱动学习。这些结果表明，运动适应可以在没有运动的情况下被诱发，并为研究被动运动学习的实施提供了动物模型。目前的模型假设运动和误差信号之间的相互作用是自适应运动学习的基础。我们的研究结果指出了其他可能在没有运动的情况下驱动学习的机制。
Motor adaptation is commonly thought to be a trial-and-error process in which the accuracy of movement improves with repetition of behavior. We challenged this view by testing whether erroneous movements are necessary for motor adaptation. In the eye movement system, the association between movements and errors can be disentangled, since errors in the predicted stimulus trajectory can be perceived even without movements. We modified a smooth pursuit eye movement adaptation paradigm in which monkeys learn to make an eye movement that predicts an upcoming change in target direction. We trained the monkeys to fixate on a target while covertly, an additional target initially moved in one direction and then changed direction after 250ms. The monkeys showed a learned response to infrequent probe trials in which they were instructed to follow the moving target. Additional experiments confirmed that probing learning or residual eye movements during fixation did not drive learning. These results show that motor adaptation can be elicited in the absence of movement and provide an animal model for studying the implementation of passive motor learning. Current models assume that the interaction between movement and error signals underlies adaptive motor learning. Our results point to other mechanisms that may drive learning in the absence of movement.